Genus Neraudia — COWAN 
247 
the calyx of both types of flowers and of the 
leaves. The leaves are very often triplinerved, 
and the upper surface sometimes has a rough 
scabrous texture, at least when dried. The vena- 
tion, particularly the principal veins and primary 
vein branches, is very markedly raised; unci- 
nate hairs on the venation are scattered or absent. 
The range of this variety and of variety parvi- 
folia nearly coincide except that variety melas- 
tomaefolia does not extend south of Kanehoa 
and variety parvifolia extends to Palikea and 
beyond. If this variety did arise by hybridiza- 
tion between variety parvifolia and variety unci- 
nata, the mixing may have taken place in the 
Kaala region where, according to theory, a forest 
once existed between the two mountain ranges. 
The present distribution, then, would represent 
the distance to which the group has been dis- 
tributed since its appearance. There are no real 
bases for such assumptions; further study, par- 
ticularly of a cytological nature, may or may 
not uphold this hypothesis. 
Fig. 3. Distribution of Neraudia melastomae folia 
Gaud. var. melastomae folia Cowan. 
Neraudia melastomaefolia Gaud, variety unci- 
nata Cowan, var. nov. 
Fig. 4 
Diagnosis typi: A var. melastomaefolia differt 
in foliis subtus pilis multis uncinatis in nervis 
secundariis, et in floribus sessilibus. 
Description of all material examined: Shrub 
or small tree to 3 m, tall; upper branchlets 
usually pendent, sparsely pilosulose. Petioles 
1.0-5. 5 cm. long, pilosulose, few to many ap- 
pressed, ascending hairs present. Leaf blades 
5-15 cm. long, 2-7 cm. wide, averaging 12 cm. 
long, 4.5 cm. wide, narrow-elliptic to elliptic, 
thin, usually palmate; upper surface sparsely 
pilosulose, hairs few, appressed, ascending on 
midrib, otherwise glabrous, lower surface hairs 
on principal veins and primary vein branches 
ascending, appressed, on other vein branches 
hairs shorter, erect or sub-erect, uncinate, largely 
restricted to venation; principal veins and pri- 
mary branches raised; base cuneate or cuneate 
and decurrent, apex long-acuminate. Pistillate 
flowers sessile, calyx sparsely pilosulose, only 
few, appressed hairs present, beak attenuate 
apically with four acuminate teeth at apex; 
stigma 4-5 mm. long, one side not receptive. 
Achene 1. 5-2.0 mm. long, averaging about 2 
mm. long, apical portion depressed-conic, sep- 
arated from basal portion by only slight con- 
striction, basal portion convex, 2-3 mm. in 
diameter, outer margin plane, not involute; seed 
ovoid, without constriction. Staminate flowers 
sessile, acuminately tipped lobes 3. 5-4.5 mm. 
long, 1. 5-2.0 mm. wide, averaging 4 mm. long, 2 
mm. wide, pilosulose with most hairs appressed, 
ascending but also with few shorter, sub-erect, 
uncinate hairs present; pistil rudiment 0.3-2.0 
mm. long; filaments 2. 5-5. 5 mm. long, 0. 5-1.0 
mm. wide; anthers 1. 5-2.0 mm. long, 0.8-1.0 
mm. wide. 
Type: Cowan 698 , Oahu, Waikane-Schofield 
Trail, Kahana, Koolau Range, September 20, 
1947. (Deposited in Bishop Museum {Ho}.) 
Range: Island of Oahu, Koolau Range, moist 
to wet forest, 1,800-2,200 feet altitude. 
Specimens examined 
Data complete: Kailauloa Mts., between Puna- 
luu and Kaipapau, Nov. 14-21, 1908, Forbes 
(Ho) ; Punaluu, Rock 796 , 368, 368, 626 (Ho) ; 
Punaluu Mt., trail to Castle Camp, Rock 8838 
(Gr, Ho); Waikane-Schofield Trail, St. John 
20231, 12120 (Ho), Fosberg 8774 (Ho), De- 
gener 18183, 18183 (different sexes) (Ho), 
Suehiro, Oct. 16, 1932 (Ho), Cowan 36, 37, 
