350 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, VoL III, October, 1949 
Family RHODOPHYCEAE 
Gigartina pachymenioides sp. nov. 
Fig. la-c. 
Frondibus erectis, fusco-rubris, complanatis, 
sub-cartilaginosis, ad 20 cm. altis; basi incrus- 
tata; stipite 1 cm. long, terete, paulatim patente 
in magis minusve certam "apophysim” ad 3 cm. 
longam, 1 cm. latam; lamina simplici, lineari- 
lanceolata vel flabellata, plurimis furcis diversis; 
basi laminae cuneata vel obtuso-rotundata ad 
6 cm. lata; apicibus attenuatis; margine sinuoso, 
crenulato, subtiliter undulato vel minutis obtusis 
processibus ornato; superficie frondis tetraspori- 
cae levi, e cystocarpio constante, sparse vel dense 
operta brevibus lingulis vel proliferationibus 
volutis simplicibus aut ramosis linearibus; 
cystocarpiis globosis, positis in marginalibus vel 
superficialibus papillis, ostiolatis, tetrasporangiis 
in soris in serie subcorticali sparsis, cruciatis. 
Fronds erect, dark red, complanate, sub-car- 
FlG. 7. Species of Gigartina and Carpophyllum. 
a—c, Gigartina pachymenioides sp. nov.: a, h, habit 
sketches (X 0.6); c, cystocarp (X 5). d, e, Carpo- 
phyllum plumosum var. quercifolium var. nov. : d, 
habit (X 0.6); e, fertile tip (X 0.6). 
tilaginous up to 20 cm. high, base incrusting, 
stipe 1 cm. long, terete, widening gradually 
into a more or less distinct "apophysis” up to 3 
cm. long and 1 cm. wide, blade simple, linear- 
lanceolate or flabellate and several times di- j 
vergingly forked, base of blade cuneate or 
broadly rounded up to 6 cm. wide, apices at- 
tenuated, margins sinuous, crenulate, finely un- 
dulate or provided with minute, blunt out- 
growths; surface of tetrasporic frond smooth, 
of the cystocarpic covered sparsely to densely 
with short lingulae or coiled simple or branched 
linear proliferations; cystocarps globose, borne 
on marginal or superficial papillae, ostiolate; 
tetrasporangia in scattered sori in the sub-cor- 
tical layer, cruciate. 
The form of the plant is very varied, the width 
and shape of the segments in particular being 
very irregular. There are no outgrowths from 
stipe or "apophysis,” nor are papillae or repro- 
ductive organs present on apophysis or basal 
part of blade. The frond has a strong tendency 
to curl, so that the margins are wavy and the tips 
often spirally twisted. Unlike normal foliose 
Gigartina , it does not decompose quickly when 
exposed to rain in wrack along the shore, but 
remains firm and solid for a much longer period, 
in the manner of Pachymenia; hence its specific 
name. 
No suggestions can be offered at the moment 
as to the probable affinities of this species in 
this most difficult genus. G. pachymenioides, 
beyond belonging to the foliose group of Gigar- 
tina, has very little in common with other local 
species. 
Distribution : At and above low-water mark 
on cliff faces and rocks on Stewart Island, the 
type locality. 
Type specimen No. 7403, Herbarium Lin- 
dauer; iso-types distributed in Lindauer ( 1948), 
Algae Nova-Zelandicae Exsiccatae, Fasc. XIII, 
No. 321. 
Callithamnion levringii sp. nov. 
Fig. 8 a-d. 
Fronde perdelicata, rosea, disticha, decompos- 
