Sponges of Kaneohe Bay — DE LaubenfeLS 
7 
15. Monacts chiefly styles (a few may 
have a slight "head”) . 16 
Practically all monacts clear-cut 
tylostyles 18 
1 6 . No spicules except styles 
Hymeniacidon* p. 27 
Other spicules also present . . . .17 
17. Anisochelas and sigmas also present 
. . . . . . . . Mycale* p. 24 
Styles, isochelas, anisochelas, sigmas, 
toxas, and raphides present . . . 
. . . . . . Zygomycale* p. 25 
18. Spicules only tylostyles; sponge never 
boring into CaCOa . Terpios* p. 28 
19. Oxeas and acanthomicrostrongyles 
also present; sponge usually con- 
fined to galleries in CaCOs . . . 
Cliona* p. 30 
20. Dermal spicules spiny . Naniupip. 18 
Dermal spicules smooth . . . .21 
2 1 . Endosomal spicules spiny .... 
. Myxillap. 17 
Endosomal spicules smooth ... 22 
22. Microscleres only raphides .... 
. . . . . . . . Tedania* p. 21 
Other microscleres present . . . .23 
23. Microscleres are isochelas .... 
. . . . . . . Damiriana* p. 13 
Microscleres are amphidiscs 
. . . . . . Hiattrochota p„ 19 
24. Spicules chiefly calcareous triaxons . 
Leucetta* p. 34 
DESCRIPTIONS OF SPECIES 
Spongia Oceania new species 
Figs. 3, 4 
The holotype of this species is designated 
as a dried specimen, U. S. National Museum, 
Register Number 22755. It was collected 
February 14, 1948, just north of the entrance 
to Hanauma Bay, from a depth of 8 meters. 
Further data as to the abundance of this 
sponge are given after the description. 
The shape of Spongia Oceania is irregularly 
massive. Its size is often greater than 10 cm. 
in diameter. As is the rule in this genus, the 
exterior is normally jet black, the interior 
brown. Specimens that grow in the shade, 
however, fail to reveal the black color. The 
first ones that I found, from Moku O Loe, 
were dull brown externally, turning gray in 
alcohol. The consistency is very spongy as 
compared to other genera, but Oceania is 
definitely less spongy than are most other 
species of the genus Spongia. 
Its surface is most distinctive. Large areas 
are completely devoid of conules, and where 
these protrusions do occur they are only 0.1 
to 0.2 mm. high, 4 to 6 mm. apart, and are 
vague. The oscules are 1 to 2 mm. in diam- 
eter. In a typical area of 10 square cm. 1 
count 138 oscules; the average will certainly 
be close to 14 per square cm. on the upper 
surface of the sponge. There are, of course, 
very few on the sides, and none below. Many 
are only 2 mm. apart, center to center. These 
oscules in life are subject to at least partial 
sphinctrate closure, as are also the pores. The 
pores in spirit-preserved specimens are abun 
dant, 40 g in diameter, but may have been 
slightly larger when fully opened in life. 
The ectosome of Oceania is a typical Spon- 
gia dermis about 15 g thick, full of heavily 
pigmented cells. The endosome is the usual 
dense reticulation. The flagellate chambers 
