Noctuidae Catocalinae — VlETTE 
155 
Mods frugalis Fabridus 
Fig. 12 a-c 
Noctua frugalis Fabridus, Syst. Entorn., p. 
601, 1775. 
Remigia frugalis Fabricius; Hampson, Fauna 
Brit. India, Moths 2: 527, 1894. _ 
Mods frugalis Fabridus; Hampson, Cat. 
Lepid. Phal. B. M. 13: 87, fig. 23, 1913. 
Mods frugalis Fabricius; Collenette, Roy. 
Entom. Soc. London, Trans. 7 6: 478, 1928. 
Mods frugalis Fabricius; Tams, Ins. of Sa- 
moa, Lepid. 4: 218, 1935. 
Mods frugalis Fabricius; Gaede, in Seitz 11: 
493, 1938. 
Mods frugalis Fabricius; Viette, Pacific Sci- 
ence 3(4): 331, 1949. 
Wingspread 33-3 6 mm.; length of the 
anterior wings 18-19 mm. 
The head, thorax, and abdomen are gray, 
the head and thorax being darker than the 
abdomen; the legs are gray mixed with ochre. 
The anterior wings have a background 
color of dark gray mixed with black scales; 
the costa and the apex are a darker, blackish 
gray. The coloration of the species is rather 
variable; typically there is: a reniform spot 
slightly marked on the discocellular veins; 
a variable, elongate, medial, ochre-brown spot 
above the anal vein; a transverse, oblique, 
ochre-brown band starting from the apex and 
reaching the distal third of the inferior mar- 
gin; within this band is a fine black line 
edged with cream- white; there is a submar- 
ginal series of black spots, each spot being 
on a vein, and these spots are bounded by a 
fine ochre-brown line; the external margin is 
ornamented with a fine black line, and a 
black spot is found at the proximal third of 
the inferior edge. 
The posterior wings are blackish gray, with 
the base and a slightly medial band lighter 
in color. 
The underside is blackish gray, with the 
marginal parts darker in color. 
Genitalia 6 : The tegumen is very small, 
almost indistinct; the uncus (Fig. \2a) is 
typical; there is a scaphium; the lateral parts 
of the ninth urite are narrow; the valvae 
(Fig. 12 h) are complicated, showing a strong 
process dorsally, a series of teeth ventrally, 
and a kind of long, colored, and strongly 
sclerotized spur medially; the penis is curved; 
the juxta is laterally lengthened (Fig. 12 c) 
by two formations that meet dorsad of the 
penis; the part thus formed is very sharp and 
bears a number of sclerotized teeth. 
Genitalia ?: The lobes of the oviporus 
and the parts of the eighth segment are nor- 
mal with anterior and posterior apophyses; 
the tergite of the seventh segment is always 
well developed, but here the lateral edges of 
the ventral side fuse with the part called the 
clapper in the preceding species, and thus 
only the apex remains free; hence the ostium 
bursae opens at the bottom of a completely 
enclosed chamber; the ductus bursae is first 
sclerotized, then membranous, then sclero- 
Fig. 12. Mods frugalis Fabricius: a, tegumen, 
uncus, and anal tube; b, right valva; c, penis and 
juxta. 
