Hawaiian Species of Car ex — KRAUSS 
257 
1928; Fagerlind & Skottsberg 6376, along 
road from Mapulehu to Halawa, E coast, 
Feb. 20, 1948, (G). 
lanai: Fagerlind & Skottsberg 6418, W 
side of main ridge near Munro’s old place, 
Feb. 24, 1948, (G); Hitchcock 14690, ra- 
vine at foot of mountain, Sept. 21, 1916, 
(US); Munro 408, Pohaku, Feb. 27, 1915, 
(US); Munro 297 , Kaiholena, Feb. 17, 1914; 
St. John & Cowan 22609, SW ridge of Kai- 
holena Gulch, Kamoku, 2300', Apr. 4, 1947; 
St. John & Cowan 22612, SW ridge of Kai- 
holena Gulch, Kamoku, 2200', Apr. 4, 1947. 
maui : Degener 8244, Manawainui Gulch 
near Puu Anu, dry side, July 12, 1927, (NY); 
Degener 8243, Manawainui Gulch near Puu 
Anu, dry side, July 12, 1927, (NY); Dege- 
ner 8246, ridge N of Popakea Gulch, July 
23, 1927, (NY); Degener 8234, hill mauka 
of Olinda, June 15, 1927, (NY); Degener 
8247 , ridge N of Popakea Gulch, July 23, 
1927, (NY); Degener 8249, along pipe-line 
trail, Olinda, June 22, 1927, (NY); Forbes 
2338.M, Olowalu Valley, May 2, 1920; 
Forbes 2283. M, Olowalu Valley, May 9, 
1920; Forbes 2339. M, Olowalu Valley, May 
12, 1920; Forbes 1862. M, Waiopaa Ranch, 
Nuu, Mar. 6, 1920; Remy 143, Maui, 185 1— 
55, (P); Rock 8747 M, Makaima, Apr. 1911; 
Rock 8733M, shore at Nahiku, May 10, 
1911; St. John 10280, Iao Valley, 1200', 
Feb. 9, 1930. 
HAWAII: Spach, Owhyhee, Jan. 1859, (K). 
sandwich islands: Hillebrand (Errone- 
ously as Hillebrant) 2328, Sandwich Islands, 
1860-67, (US), (immature). 
Carex ivahuensis C. A. Meyer is a member 
of the subgenus Eucarex Coss. & Germ. (Kii- 
kenthal, 1909: 293) section Rhomboidales 
Kiikenth. (Kiikenthal, 1909: 622). It is 
easily distinguished from the other Hawaiian 
species by the deep groove in the achene. Its 
apparent origin is in the western Pacific, the 
Hawaiian members being only slightly dif- 
ferent from those of Japan. Names placed 
in synonomy were created by authors who 
felt they could segregate new species or by 
those who received specimens from areas dis- 
tant from Oahu and expected no similarity. 
These are Carex Boottiana Hooker and Ar- 
nott (Hooker, 1841: 273) collected from 
Japan, and Carex nupitalis Boott (Boott, 
1855: 175) from Hawaii. Boott was misled 
by the distorted appearance of the immature 
fruit so clearly shown in his Plate 591. This 
plate is based on Remy 142 from Oahu and 
on a single spike from Nuttall’s collection. 
Variety Meyeri of Franchet and Savatier was 
made after an examination of the species col- 
lected in the Hawaiian Islands and those 
from Japan and the Bonins. The variety 
Meyeri was apparently created from the ma- 
terial of Remy in order to have a contrasting 
variety to variety robusta from Japan and 
variety Bongardii from the Bonins. The only 
citation of the habitat of variety Meyeri is 
"ex speciminibus herbarii Mus. Parisiensis.” 
Earlier in their discussion of the contrasting 
characters of the two varieties robusta and 
Bongardii as opposed to those in the species, 
they mention that they are compared to the 
plants collected by Remy in the Paris Her- 
barium. It is apparent that the intent of 
Franchet and Savatier was to make a variety 
corresponding to variety typica as now used. 
The International Rules, in Recommendation 
18, specify that new names should not be 
used for the variety containing the type of 
the species but instead such names as typicus, 
genuinus, etc. The use of another name for 
the typical variety is not definitely prohibited, 
however. Therefore the variety Meyeri must 
be accepted as the variety of Carex ivahuensis 
C. A. Meyer containing the original species. 
The type specimen was not seen but C. B. 
Clarke (1904: 319) in his discussion of 
Carex Wilfordii C. B. Clarke says that the 
type corresponds well with Tab. 10 of Meyer. 
Carex wahuensis C. A. Meyer var. rubigi- 
nosa var. nov. 
Figs. 2, 3 a-d 
A specie differt in utriculis 2.5-4 mm. latis, 
