Hawaiian Species of Car ex — KRAUSS 
269 
/ 
ever, in several respects. In Car ex Nealae the 
pistillate bracts are predominantly strongly 
emarginate and the margins are reddish- 
purple and opaque. In Carex G audio haudiana 
Kunth the pistillate bracts are all obtuse, and 
are light brown with hyaline margins. The 
spikes in Carex Nealae are 4-5 cm. long; 
those of Carex G audio haudiana Kunth are 
semi-globose, reaching only 2 cm. in length. 
The margins of the narrower leaves of Carex 
Gaudic haudiana Kunth are involute; those of 
Carex Nealae are not. 
The species is named out of respect for 
Miss Marie Neal of the Bernice P. Bishop 
Museum Herbarium, who collected the plant 
on Hawaii in 1930. 
The distribution of Carex Nealae, at pres- 
ent collected only four times, suggests that 
it is to be found at the edges of stagnant 
water at elevations over 3,000 feet. How- 
ever, the vegetation need not be primarily 
bog type. 
Carex macloviana D’Urv. (1826: 599) var. 
subfusca ( W. Boott) Kiikenth. Engler’s 
Pflanzenreich, IV: 20, 197, PI. V, 1909. 
Figs. 12 a-c, 13 
Carex subfusca W. Boott. In: Botany of 
California 2:234, 1880. 
Rootstocks caespitose, forming small 
clumps 15-20 cm. in diameter; basal scales 
two to four, 2-3 mm. wide, 1-5 cm. long, 
persistent, brown; fertile culm triangular in 
cross section, sides 0.6-1 mm. wide, 15-60 
cm. long, strongly ribbed, scabrous on the 
angles, pendent, leaves 1-2 mm. wide, 10-70 
cm. long, narrow, scabrous along midrib and 
margins, pendent, dark green; sheaths tightly 
closed by a chartaceous to hyaline membrane 
which splits almost at once to 10 cm. above 
the rootstock, brown; inflorescence forming 
ovoid to cylindric head, 0.8-1 cm. wide, 1-2 
cm. long, densely flowered, 4-9 spikes closely 
spirally arranged at the apex of the culm, 
internodes 1-2 mm. apart, each spike sub- 
tended by a bract, the lower leaf-like to 1 cm. 
long, the upper scale- like; spike gynaecan- 
drous, 2—3 mm. wide, 5-6 mm. long, sessile, 
subtended by a leafy bract or scale which 
may have stipule-like appendages; pistillate 
bracts, 1.5-2 mm. wide, 3 mm. long, obovate 
acute to acuminate, with minute teeth on the 
keel near the apex, membranous, brown with 
a green keel; staminate bracts similar; peri- 
gynia 1.5-2 mm. wide, 3-4.5 mm. long, nar- 
rowly lanceoloid, long, tapering to the apex, 
narrowly winged, strongly concave-convex, 
faintly several-nerved on each side or not 
nerved, chartaceous, brown to green, wing 
toothed on the margins, rostrum grooved on 
the convex side, deeply bidentate on the con- 
vex side, shallowly bidentate on the concave 
side; achenes ovoid, bi-convex, stipitate, sur- 
face shining golden, minutely punctate; style 
1.5-2 mm. long, splitting at half its length 
into two glandular stigmas. 
