1874 
GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 
31 
HOW TO MAKE A FOOT POWEIt HI 1 //. 
SAW, FOR MAKING; HIVES. 
jrapHE following diagrams are drawn on a 
scale of inch to the foot ; the same let- 
ters referring to the same parts in all. 
A, A, A, etc. is the frame work made of hard 
wood 3 by 3 scantling, put together with mor- 
tises and tenons, and drawn up firmly with 
holts. Fig. 1, is a front view ; Fig. 2, a view 
from the end where the operator stands ; Fig. 
0, top (Tame work where the table top is raised 
up as in dotted lines in Fig. 1 ; Fig. 4, table top, 
and Fig. 5, treadle, The balance wheel B, seen 
in Figs. 1, and 2, should if possible be as much 
as 3 feet in diameter and weigh about 150 lbs; 
the shaft C, is made of a bar of square or round 
iron at least lj-o inches in diameter for the 
weight of balance given above. This shaft af- 
ter the crank of 2' 4 inches stroke is forged in 
at D, should measure about 1 J,< feet, and con- 
ical holes should be drilled in the ends to re- 
ceive a heavy, pointed tempered st.el screw, 
screwed into the front legs atE, E, thus giving 
a small amount of friction, with a ready means 
of screwing up the bearings whenever they 
become loose. Very much depends on a nice, 
true, balance wheel, but many saws that do 
very well are made with much lighter ones 
than the above, and some of them are even 
made of hard wood which however we cannot 
recommend ; a better way is to buy some 
kind of an iron wheel, even one selected from 
heaps of old Iron will many times do after be- 
>ug covered with wood and turned olf true. 
1'he position of the saw and the manner of 
supporting is clearly seen In Fig. (i; the. saw 
should be about 8 inches in diameter and can 
Usually be purchased best with the arbor, of 
some saw maker. The driving pulley should 
)(i ubout 2Kj inches in diameter, but two, 
would be better if covered with rubber which 
can be had nicely adapted to the purpose, of 
J. W. Sutton, 05 Liberty St. N. Y. As we have 
arranged the pulley so near the balance, which 
seems almost unavoidable for, ease in working, 
this rubber covering becomes very necessary 
unless we fix a pulley to take up the slack of 
the belt somewhere at F. The construction of 
the top will be seen at a glance at Fig. 4, it 
should be made of 1I 4 inch hard well seasoned 
wood, screwed firmly to the l}.i by 2 inch 
pieces so as to leave the slot G, 4 inches wide, 
for the bar II, to slide in. You can exercise 
your skill in seeing how strait you can dress 
out II, and how nicely you can fit it to slide 
in G, for the accuracy of all of your work will 
depend much on this; also see if you can fit I, 
in place so perfectly square that you can saw 
out a piece of board so true on all sides that 
when turned clear around every corner will be 
square. 
It should also be adjusted to make a perfect 
mitre such as is used in making picture 
frames etc. Spring stops are used in both of 
the bars I, and J, made of a strip of brass 
by 3 inches and about 1-10 thick, bent at right 
angles at U inch from the end ; the long end 
is fastened by two screws in the bottom of a 
shallow mortise in such a way that the bent 
portion projects as seen at I, but can be press- 
ed out of the way by a slight pressure, conse- 
quently when these stops are once set right 
for the sides, ends or cover of a hive, by hold- 
ing the corner of the board against the proper 
one we always get exactly the mine measurement ; 
the same is true o( frame stuff when held 
against J. For rabbeting “tc ’tis very conve- 
nient to be enabled to raise and lower the 
whole top, this is done by the screw K, the 
lower bar of the top, being entered at the ends 
into holes made in blocks mortised in at Z, 
permitting the top turning on it so as to allow' 
being raised as seen by the dotted lines in Fig. 
1, also guides are hinged at each corner as seen 
in M, and N, to enter mortises in bar A, shown 
in Fig. fi. 
O, is a strip 1 inches square hinged with 
three common hinges to back of table top in 
such a way that it can be turned over on the 
top, or turned completely below the surface on 
the back side. The usual parallel stick P, 
which should be about 2, 1 ., square hardly 
needs description, it is attached to O, by the 
strips hinged to turn firmly at R, S, T and U, 
and fastened in its place by bar Q, with a set 
screw where it slides through a mortise in 
stick O. 
Treadle, Fig. 5, is made of stuff about 2 by 3 
and is pivoted on bars A, as seen at W, Fig. 1, 
in a manner similar to the balance shaft. The 
hook on the crank D, is pinned at its other 
end in the treadle at X ; the step for the foot 
is a piece 1 !» by 0 inches by 2 feet and is 
made to project at Y, for convenience in work- 
ing at the side of the table in rabbeting etc. 
Top of table 3 by 4* a feet; top of table from 
frame 3 inches. Top of table from floor 3 feet ; 
distance between legs A, length 3 feet, width 
2 feet outside. Length of treadle 3 feet ; width 
as great as the space will admit. We would 
use a belt if soft about 3 inches wide. 
It will be observed, the balance runs a little 
below the surface of the floor, and that we de- 
