and the other monsters, whose atrocities have fixed an indelible 
stain on the annals of Portugal: their rapacity and cruelty, united 
to superstitious tyranny, occasioned a rapid downfall, from which 
they never recovered. 
Caesar Fredericke, two hundred years before my arrival, gave 
a very entertaining account of Goa, and the adjacent country. 
“ Goa, the principal city that the Portugals have in the Indies, 
wherein the viceroy, with his royal court, is resident, is on an 
island which may be in circuit five-and-twenty or thirty miles: and 
the city, with the boroughs, is reasonably big, and reasonably fair; 
but the island is far more fair: for it is, as it w r ere, full of goodly 
gardens, replenished with divers trees. This city is of great traffic 
for all sorts of merchandize, which they trade with in all those 
parts: the merchandize which went every year from Goa to Beze- 
negur, the capital of the kingdom of Naisinga, eight days journey 
from thence, were Arabian horses, velvets, damasks, satins, arme- 
sins of Portugal, and pieces of chian, saffron, and scarlets: and 
from Bezenegur they had in Turkey for their commodities, jewels, 
and pagodas, which be ducats of gold. In 1567, I w T ent thither 
from Goa, in company of two other merchants, which carried with 
them three hundred Arabian horses to the king, because the horses 
of that country are of a small stature; and they pay well for the 
Arabian horses: and it is requisite that the merchants sell them well, 
for that they stand them in great charges to bring them out of 
Persia to Ormuz, and from Ormuz to Goa, where the ship that 
brings twenty horses and upwards, payeth no custom, neither ship 
nor goods whatsoever. So that the Arabian horses are of great 
