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same quantity of water is again added, and boiled, until it becomes 
ropy; when it is decanted, and a third water also is given. This 
extracts all the substance from the wood: the three decoctions are 
then mixed, and next morning boiled in small pots, until the 
extract becomes thick, like tar: it is afterwards allowed to remain 
in the pots for two days, and then has become so hard that it will 
not run. Some husks of rice being spread on the ground, the 
inspissated juice is formed into balls about the size of an orange, 
and placed on the husks, to be dried seven days in the sun: for 
two months afterwards they are spread out in the shade to dry; 
or in the rainy season for twice that length of time, and are then 
fit for sale. Merchants who live above the Gattes advance the 
whole price four months before the time of delivery; and give two 
rupees for a maund of forty Chutcha seers of twenty-four rupees 
weight; about nine rupees, or one pound sterling per hundred 
weight. The merchants who purchase reside chiefly at Danvara, 
Shanore, and other places in that neighbourhood; and are those 
who supply the greater part of the peninsula with this article; 
which, among the natives, is in universal use. 
Not far from Onore we passed Mirzee, and Barcelore, two 
places famous for pepper, which grows spontaneously in those di- 
stricts; as also the laurus cassia, and wiid nutmeg. 
These towns are supposed to be the Musiris and Barace of the 
ancients; whither Hippalus made the first voyage from the Arabian 
gulf: a voyage from Arabia to the coast of Malabar was then 
deemed of so much importance, that the monsoon wind, which 
wafted him over a tract of ocean, hitherto unattempted, was called 
Hippalus, after this celebrated navigator. Previous to this bold 
