4 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. VII, January, 1953 
were made of the species that could be col- 
lected in the very shallow water of the reef 
flats (in water up to about 5 feet deep). The 
specimens in the collections of the Bernice P. 
Bishop Museum also were examined at that 
time. My departure from the Islands in the 
fall of 1938 prevented the completion of the 
study, and the work was put aside until my 
return to Hawaii in 1946. At that time a new 
series of collections was made, the new col- 
lection in large part being made in the waters 
beyond the reef flats, the specimens being 
taken by '"skin-diving” in water up to 20 or 
25 feet deep. The specimens taken by the 
United States Fish Commission Steamer "Al- 
batross” in the Hawaiian Archipelago in 1902 
were obtained on loan from the United States 
National Museum; these were a valuable con- 
tribution to the study as they represented to a 
large extent a deeper fauna that was impossi- 
ble to collect without dredging. Additional 
specimens in the Bishop Museum were ex- 
amined. Some deep-water specimens dredged 
by the "Makua” of the Territorial Board of 
Agriculture and Forestry and by the "Salpa” 
of the University of Hawaii were available. 
Finally, I was loaned a small but very impor- 
tant collection of crangonids taken off the 
island of Hawaii by R. W. Hiatt. Several 
thousand specimens from these various 
sources were examined. 
I believe that this study is quite complete 
for the crangonid fauna of the Hawaiian Is- 
lands. It is true that collections were not made 
from all the reefs on all the islands, but enough 
collections were made on Oahu, Maui, Ha- 
waii, and the leeward islands of the archi- 
pelago to show that the fauna does not seem 
to vary to any major extent from island to is- 
land. On Oahu all possible types of habitats 
have been examined, from muddy bays to the 
clean coral growing on the outer sides of 
wave-swept reefs. The deep-water dredgings 
of the "Albatross” and other ships have sam- 
pled extensively the deeper fauna from the 
islands. On the other hand, the several spe- 
cies in the collections that are represented by 
a single or several specimens indicate that 
other rare species not collected may exist in 
the islands. However, it is unlikely that spe- 
cies not discussed here will be found in the 
course of routine collecting. 
Measurements 
In the numerous measurements used in this 
paper, the following standards are adopted. 
For total length, the body is measured from the 
tip of the rostrum to the end of the telson- 
following the middorsal line of the body. If 
the abdomen is flexed, a slightly greater meas- 
urement is obtained than if it were straight, 
but the difference is not great. For the append- 
ages, the breadth is taken at the broadest point 
unless otherwise specified; the length is meas- 
ured from articular surface to articular sur- 
face (this is especially important in the carpal 
articles, as the articular surface is toward the 
inferior side of the meral-carpal joint, and, if 
the maximum length to the edge of the su- 
perior portion of the article were taken, it 
would be found to vary greatly with the de- 
gree of flexion of the joint). The lengths of the 
antennular articles are taken in the mid-line of 
the article in dorsal view, with the exception 
of the first article, where the length is taken 
from the most proximal portion visible dor- 
sally to the middle of the distal end. The 
height or breadth of the large chela is taken to be 
the diameter from superior to inferior surface, 
the thickness as the diameter at right angles to 
this height, the length of the chela as including 
the fingers; unless otherwise specified the 
length of the fingers is given as a proportion of 
the length of the entire chela. The breadth of 
the merus of the chelipeds, in those cases where 
the cheliped was definitely triangular in cross 
section, is taken as the width of the outer face 
of the triangle; the length as from the middle 
of the ischial-meral articulation to the meral- 
carpal articulation. Finally, throughout the 
paper the relative lengths of the carpal articles of 
the second legs are expressed as ratios based 
on the length of the first article, to which the 
value 10 is assigned; it is possible to carry 
