26 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, VoL VII, January, 1953 
DISCUSSION: De Man’s specimen came from 
the Netherlands Indies; because it was lacking 
in chelipeds, he referred it to the genus Alphe- 
opsis "with some doubt." 
The specimen here described agrees very 
well with de Man’s description and plates ex- 
cept in a few small details. In his specimen 
the rostrum was shorter, only one third the 
length of the visible portion of the first anten- 
nular article instead of two thirds. He also 
states that the carapace on his specimen had 
its upper surface finely punctate, whereas 
that on this specimen was smooth. The inner 
pair of spines on the tip of the telson are 
longer than the projecting triangle in de 
Man’s specimen, whereas in this they are 
shorter; however, the ones in this specimen 
appear to be broken. The lateral tooth of the 
basicerite in his specimen is described as 
strong and acute, whereas in this it is short 
and truncate, but it probably has been broken. 
Finally, the merus of the third leg in the type 
is 6 times as long as broad instead of 7.5 
times. 
Most, if not all, of these differences could 
easily be individual variation, or they could 
be subspecific differences due to geographic 
isolation. The only difference that could be of 
specific importance is the sculpturing of the 
carapace in the original specimen, and this 
difference, also, is too slight to warrant spe- 
cific separation without any other strong 
differences in nonvarying characteristics, es- 
pecially as only two specimens of the species 
are known. 
For a comparison of this species and N. 
hiatti Banner see the discussion under the 
latter. 
DISTRIBUTION: De Man’s species came 
from the Karkaralong group, south of Min- 
danao (about 5°N, 125°30'E); the specimen 
described here is a male 20 mm. long collected 
by R. W. Hiatt at Halape, Kau Coast, Ha- 
waii, from a head of Fortes in the intertidal 
zone, west end of Keaoi Island. 
Synalpheus Bate 
Synalpheus Bate, Challenger Rpts. 24: 572, 
1888. 
Synalpheus Coutiere, Les Alpheidae, p. 334, 
1899 [redefined]. 
Anterior portion of carapace with rostrum 
and orbital hoods which completely envelop 
eyes except on anteroventral side. Anterolat- 
eral margin of carapace produced as distinct 
pterygostomial angle or tooth. 
Antennules with basal articles preponder- 
ant, stylocerites large and well formed. Anten- 
nular flagellum with weak bifurcation. 
Squamous portion of scaphocerite shorter 
than lateral spine. Basicerite bearing one or 
more teeth. 
Large chela carried extended, entire and 
smooth, ovaloid, much larger than small 
chela; dactylus very short, with cylindrical 
process that penetrates into corresponding 
cavity on fixed finger. Small chela simple, with 
fingers joining exactly, palm entire, carpus 
frequently elongate. 
Second pereiopods with carpus composed 
of 4 or 5 articles. Following legs short and 
compressed. In all Hawaiian species merus 
unarmed, propodus armed with weak spines, 
dactylus biunguiculate. No anal tubercles. 
Branchial formula: 5 pleurobranchs, 1 ar- 
throbranch, 2 epipodites. 
The generic description has been altered to 
accommodate Synalpheus redactocarpus Banner 
described below, which has only four instead 
of the usual five articles in the carpus of the 
second legs. 
This genus, represented by over 60 species 
in the Indo-Pacific and more than 25 from the 
coasts of the Americas, is represented in the 
Hawaiian Archipelago by only seven species. 
As most of the Indo-Pacific forms have been 
collected from off-shore waters up to about 
100 meters deep but not from the shallow 
reef flats, it is possible that more extensive 
dredging around the Hawaiian Islands may 
produce more species. However, considering 
