232 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, VoL VII, April, 1953 
pelago, south Ceylon, Bay of Bengal, and 
Cocos (Cocos Keeling) Islands. The distinc- 
tion between the Indian and Pacific faunas 
cannot be sharply defined. P. elongata, the 
only species known from the eastern Indian 
Ocean, is recorded very near the Pacific. This 
species apparently has the greatest latitudinal 
range of all barracudinas, but, considering 
that Brauer’s types are postlarvae ranging 
from 8-30 mm., there may be more than one 
species represented. It is expected that more 
collecting will reveal various species ranging 
through the Indo-Pacific region. 
The distribution of the Paralepididae in the 
Antarctic is fairly well known. The "Erebus 
and Terror," "Challenger," "Pourquoi Pas," 
"Scotia," "Terra Nova," and the B.A.N.Z. 
(British, Australian, and New Zealand) Ant- 
arctic Research Expeditions collected material 
from this region, but it was composed almost 
exclusively of larval to juvenile specimens 
whose relationships and classification were 
generally not understood by the original de- 
scribers. Such confusion has resulted in the 
subsequent identification of these forms, that 
only one abundant species, Notolepis coatsi, of 
circumpolar distribution, is definitely recog- 
nized from the Antarctic. 
No species has been recorded from both 
the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, although this 
apparent distinctiveness may be due to a lack 
of sufficient material and of proper compari- 
son. Dr. Ege is presently examining the rela- 
tionships and supposed differences between 
the Atlantic and Pacific species and plans to 
publish his findings. 
Apparently no paralepidids have been re- 
corded from the Arctic Ocean.. The distribu- 
tion of the three species of Notolepis in the 
North Pacific, North Atlantic, and Antarctic 
gives a good example of bipolar (pantemper- 
ate) distribution. 
Explanation of Morphological Figures. 
Figures 8, 10, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20, and 22 
have been prepared in a standard manner to 
facilitate comparison of some of the more 
important morphological characters. These 
drawings are somewhat diagrammatic but are 
accurate for the characters involved. These 
figures present the following information: 
A: Anterior part of snout. The teeth that are 
solid black are depressible; the remainder 
are fixed. The buccal valves and supra- 
maxillary membranes are stippled. The nos- 
trils on the snout and larger pores on the 
lower jaw are indicated. 
b: Lateral aspect of an enlarged section of the 
fixed teeth on the middle of the premaxil- 
lary. 
C: The anterior lateral-line segments on the 
left side. The stippled area represents the 
weak membranous part of the tube. The 
area with longitudinal parallel lines de- 
limits the partly ossified center shield in the 
naked genera {Lestidium, Macroparalepis, 
and Stemonosudis) and the central row of 
scales in the scaled genera (Magnisudis, Pa- 
ralepis, and Notolepis) . The dotted lines show 
the outline of the internal limits of the 
lateral-line tube. The crossed lines indicate 
the scales above and below the central 
lateral-line row. The characteristic pigmen- 
tation in the lateral-line region is presented 
for some of the species. 
d; a section of the ceratobranchial of the 
first arch showing the gillrakers and gill- 
teeth. The parallel lines indicate the gill 
arch. The light line over the tips of the 
teeth shows the mucus line. 
E: Dorsal surface of tongue (glossohyal) and 
anterior portion of first basibranchial. The 
stippled area represents the fleshy tongue. 
The glossohyal and basibranchial are indi- 
cated by longitudinal parallel lines. The 
small hooked circles indicate the teeth. 
KEY TO GENERA AND SUBGENERA 
1. Teeth on mandible large, triangular, 
strongly compressed, with serrate edges; 
always present. Anterior process of pre- 
maxillary without a foramen. Outer rays 
of pelvic fins longer than inner rays. 
(Subfamily sudinae, one genus) . . . Sudis 
Teeth on mandible slender, basally 
round, sometimes hastate, but never 
I 
