Genera of Paralepididae — Harry 
235 
in single row, fixed. Tongue (glossohyal and 
its fleshy expansion) small and short, but 
projected far forward near tip of lower jaw. 
Gillrakers and entire branchial apparatus ex- 
tending far forward into mouth. Gillrakers 
well developed on all 5 arches. Each gillraker 
with 4 long, stiff, cartilaginous, depressible 
filaments, longest filament 1.5 times greatest 
pupil diameter. Pharyngobranchial teeth de- 
veloped in 2 tooth patches on each side. Gill 
membranes free and separate, joined far for- 
ward under vertical from nostrils. Left bran- 
chial membrane overlaps right. 
Sides of head heavily scaled forward onto 
preorbital. Occiput covered with scales and 
lacking tubes or ridges. Body completely 
scaled. Scales small and moderately adherent, 
slightly pointed posteriorly and often indent- 
ed anteriorly, appearing heart-shaped. Scales 
extending on middle of caudal base for ap- 
proximately 0.25 its length. Circuli of each 
scale not continuous except for inner 8 ridges 
or so; remaining circuli run obliquely off 
scale. Lateral-line tube fairly small with single 
median pore on each segment. One row of 
enlarged, strongly adherent, membranous 
scales over the tube; each lateral-line scale 
bordered by 3 or more scales above and below. 
Body scales much smaller than lateral-line 
scales. 
Pectoral fin with 17 rays. Anal rays 22-25. 
Dorsal fin origin slightly in advance of pelvic 
fin origin. Anus behind vertical from dorsal 
base. Pelvic fins very short, approximately 
0.33 length of pectoral fins. 
Generic TYPE and only known form, Mag- 
nisudis harysoma n. sp. 
The name Magnisudis is formed from mag- 
nus, L.— large 4- stidis, L.— stake, pile, pike. 
The above description will serve to dis- 
tinguish and demonstrate the relationships of 
both the genus Magnisudis and its single spe- 
cies M. harysoma, although the full specific 
description will appear only in Part 2 of the 
present study. The holotype of M. harysoma, 
from off southern California, and the para- 
types are deposited at Stanford University. 
Genus Paralepis Cuvier 
Ligs. 9, 10, \\h 
Paralepis Cuvier, 1817: xi, 289 (generic type 
by subsequent designation of Jordan and 
Evermann, 1917: 104, 120, Paralepis core- 
gonoides Risso); Bose, 1818: 520; Cuvier, 
1829: 156; Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1829: 
556; Risso, 1826: 472; Gunther, 1864: 418; 
Goode and Bean, 1895: 118; Jordan and 
Evermann, 1896: 602; Regan, 1911: 127; 
Jordan and Evermann, 1917: 104; Jordan, 
1923: 154; Parr, 1928: 34, 71; Parr, 1929: 
29; Ege, 1930: 6; Parr, 1931^: 19; Parr, 
193U: 152; Whitley, 1937: 11; Maul, 1945: 
4; Harry, 1951: 18. 
Arctozenus Gill, 1865: 188 (generic type by 
original designation, Paralepis horealis Rein- 
hardt); Goode and Bean, 1895: 5 16; Jordan 
and Evermann, 1896: 601; Jordan, 1919: 
330; Jordan, 1923: 154; Parr, 1928: 33. 
Symproptopterus Cocco, 1885 (no generic type, 
see Jordan, 1920: 430). 
Sudis (in part) Parr, 1928: 34. 
Bathysudis Parr, 1928: 41 (generic type by 
original designation, Paralepis speciosa Bel- 
lotti); Ege, 1930: 53; Parr, 193U: 153; 
Gregory, 1933: 207, 209; Gregory and Con- 
rad, 1936: 33; Chapman, 1939: 524. 
The author of Paralepis has been often given 
as Risso. However, Cuvier was the first to use 
the name in a generic sense. According to 
Whitley, the generic name was introduced 
strictly in vernacular form (Les Paralepis Cv.) 
by Cuvier, 1817, and Bose was the first to 
latinize it, thus becoming the author of the 
genus. However, Cuvier listed Paralepis as a 
generic name {Paralepis C.) in the "Table 
Methodique,” and there appears to be no rea- 
son for not accepting Cuvier as the author of 
the genus (see Opinion 39 of the International 
Commission of Zoological Nomenclature for 
a similar case involving Cuvier, 1800). 
diagnosis: Body compressed, moderately 
short and deep. Ventral carina on belly little 
developed. Head and eye large. Pupil round, 
larger than lens. Snout short and broad. Nos- 
trils well before end of maxillary. Tip of lower 
