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PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. VII, April, 1953 
Fig. 19. Genotype of Stemonosudis (S. intermedia (Ege), from off Bermuda, 125 mm. in standard length). 
before anterior margin of eye. Angle of gape 
near tip of maxillary. Supramaxillary short, 
thread-like, closely bound to maxillary. Teeth 
on upper jaw well- developed antrorse and re- 
trorse canines. Vomer toothless. Teeth on 
palatines short, in 2 rows anteriorly, 1 row de- 
pressible; posteriorly few short teeth in single 
row. Tongue very small, far back in mouth, 
its anterior tip somewhat near angle of gape. 
Gillrakers and pharyngobranchial teeth com- 
pletely undeveloped on material examined. 
(Dr. Ege informs me that the types of Ste- 
monosiidis elongata, S. gracile, and S. intermedia 
have "gillrakers present on the lower part 
of the first gill arch, although very small, 
their length equal to about a fourth of the 
breadth of the bone of the gill arch.’’) 
Body and head scaleless. Lateral-line tube 
very large. Membrane over lateral-line tube 
Fig. 20. Genotype of Stemonosudis (S. intermedia 
(Ege), from off Bermuda, 125 mm. in standard length). 
A, Anterior part of snout; B, enlarged section of teeth 
on middle of premaxillary; C, anterior lateral-line seg- 
ments; D, toothless first gill arch; E, dorsal surface of 
tongue. (See explanation of morphological figures in 
text.) 
modified into large scale-like structures pierced 
above and below by 2 pores on each segment. 
Greatest height of each lateral-line segment 
variously at front or hindmost point. Pectoral 
fin with 10-13 rays. Dorsal rays 9-11. Anal 
rays 37-50. 
Generic type Stemonosudis intermedia (Ege) . 
It is presumed that S. macrura (Ege), S. elegans 
(Ege), S. elongata (Ege), and S. gracile (Ege) 
belong in this genus, although I have been 
unable to examine any of them, 5. intermedia 
is from the West Indies; all other members 
of the genus are East Indian. Further inves- 
tigation might show that the East and West 
Indian forms belong in separate genera or 
subgenera. 
Subfamily Sudinae 
Head and lower jaw very large and massive. 
Nostrils of equal size in young. Adults with 
posterior nostril normal, anterior nostril re- 
duced to tiny pore in anterior rim of other 
nostril. Anterior process of premaxillary with- 
out foramen. Teeth on mandible very large, 
triangular in shape and strongly compressed; 
edges finely serrate, not accompanied by 
smaller teeth. Dorsal fin with 14-15 rays. 
Pelvic fins with outer rays distinctly longer 
than inner rays. Pectoral fin very long and 
large, proportionately greatly enlarged in post- 
larvae and juveniles. Body naked. Head scaled 
in 2 series on preoperculum. 
This group contains a single genus and 
species, Sudis hyalina, known from the Medi- 
terranean and Madeira. 
Genus Sudis Rafinesque Schmaltz 
Figs. 21, 22 
Sudis Rafinesque Schmaltz, 1810: 60 (generic 
type by monotypy Sudis hyalina Rafinesque 
Schmaltz); Bonaparte, 1846: 35; Canestrini, 
1877: 127; Ege, 1930: 6; Maul, 1945: 33; 
Harry, 1951: 3.3. 
