Hawaiian Stomatopods — TOWNSLEY 
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413 
intermediate, two lateral; armed with six 
spines, two submedian with movable tips, 
two intermediate, two lateral; no submedian 
denticles, two intermediate denticles, single 
lateral denticle. Exopod of uropods with nine 
(sometimes ten) movable spines on outer 
margin. Basal portion of uropod elongated 
into two spines, inner longer than outer. Ac- 
cessory reproductive organ of male shown in 
Figure 11/. Specimens vary from 35 to 85 
mm: in length. 
DISCUSSION: Fifty-eight specimens of this 
well-known species were examined, of which 
23 were males and 35 were females. All were 
collected from the reefs around Oahu in water 
not over 2 fathoms deep. This species repre- 
sents the dominant form of the Hawaiian 
Islands. It has been collected from both Kauai 
and Hawaii where it seems to be as abundant 
as it is at Oahu. The .species appears to prefer 
the rough substrate of the large exposed reef 
flats such as those found in Kaneohe Bay, 
Oahu. It has not been found in those regions 
having a substrate of coarse shifting sand or 
strong wave action. 
There appears to be no clearly defined sex- 
ual dimorphism, and the only definite means 
that I have found for distinguishing males 
from females lies in the penis found at the 
base of the eighth thoracic leg (Fig. lly) and 
the accessory reproductive organ of the male 
found on the first abdominal appendage (Fig. 
11/). Specimens exhibit all degrees of coloring 
from an olive drab through yellow to a light 
tan with bright red, blue, and yellow chroma- 
tophores. The dactyli of the thoracic append- 
ages are, in most cases, light rose. 
According to Brooks (1886) the Atlantic 
specimens of this species differ in certain small 
details from those v/hich are found in the 
Indo-Pacific region. Borradaile (1899) named 
the Atlantic specimens var. occidentalism but 
later workers such as Tattersall (1906) and 
Kemp ( 1913 ) have shown that the characters 
used by Borradaile are to be found in the 
Indo-Pacific specimens as well. The speci- 
mens from the Hawaiian Islands also appear 
Fig. 10. Pseudosquilla ciliata (Fabricius) (male). 
to^be quite variable, but this variability is 
not sufficient to warrant their being placed 
in any other group. I have examined three 
specimens from Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, in 
which there were ten spines rather than nine 
on the exopod of the uropod; and one spec- 
imen in which there were nine spines on one 
side and ten on the other. Two specimens in 
the collection have the outer spine of the basal 
prolongation of the uropod longer than the 
inner. This is a character which has been con- 
sidered to be specific for P. oculata (Brulle), 
but all other characters of this specimen are 
those of P. ciliata. 
Specimens vary in length from 38 to 85 
mm. Generally this species is somewhat larger 
than its congener, P. oculatam and in the field 
they can usually be distinguished in this way. 
DISTRIBUTION: There are 12 species of 
Pseudosquilla, nine of which are found in the 
Indo-Pacific region. P. ciliata and its Hawaiian 
