Hawaiian Stomatopods — Townsley 
429 
f 
Fig. 23. Larval forms of Pseudosquilla ciliata (Fabricius). a. Dorsal aspect of pseudozoea and first abdominal 
appendage; b, lateral aspect of pseuderichthus larva, dorsal aspect of carapace and first abdominal appendage; 
c, dorsal aspect of last abdominal somite, telson, and uropods of larva shown in b; d, e, lateral aspect of larger 
pseuderichthus larva and dorsal aspect of last abdominal somite, telson, and uropods;/, second, third, fourth, 
and fifth thoracic appendages of larva d. 
Larval specimens in this stage of develop- 
ment have been taken in great numbers in 
plankton tows throughout the year at Kane- 
ohe Bay, Oahu. Since adults of P. ciliata and 
oculata occur in abundance on the reefs in the 
bay, these specimens are believed to be the 
first larval stage of a Pseudosquilla. Unfortu- 
nately, I find no way to differentiate the early 
larvae of species in this genus. The specimens 
vary from 3.5 to 5.0 mm. from the tip of the 
rostral spine to the posterior margin of the 
telson. 
STAGE 2 (Fig. 23 ^, c)\ At this stage in de- 
velopment the larvae show characteristics of 
both the preceding stage and the fourth stage. 
Entire body and larval carapace have increased 
in size but retain same relative proportions to 
one another; carapace may or may not bear 
small zoeal spine; first through fifth thoracic 
appendages present; propodus of fourth and 
fifth thoracic appendages rectangular in shape 
and nearly equal in size (not well shown in 
Fig. 23 ^); no appendages on sixth through 
eighth thoracic somites; eyes globular, pro- 
truding from anterior margin of carapace; an- 
tennae present; pleopods resemble those of 
following stage, but have no gills; sixth ab- 
dominal somite distinct, bearing two sub- 
median spines; uropods composed of short 
exopod and endopod, with basal portion elon- 
gated into two spines, inner shorter than 
outer; telson retains same general appearance 
of preceding stage, but somewhat larger. 
Specimens measure 9.5 to 12.5 mm. in 
length. Approximately 200 individuals in this 
stage of development have been examined. 
Most of the specimens were taken in plankton 
tows from Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, but they have 
also been found in the tows from the Molokai 
Channel made by the Territorial Division of 
Fish and Game. 
