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359 
of tissue and heavy longitudinal fibers there is 
a single large cavity, with indefinite traces of 
inner tissue. 
EXPANDED DESCRIPTION FROM ALL PISTIL- 
LATE PLANTS EXAMINED: Shrub, to 6 m tall, 
upper branches 3-4 cm in diameter, dark brown, 
forming dense thickets, with a few thornlike 
axillary rootlets 4-6 mm long, divergent; leaves 
1-1.8 m long, 2.9-4. 1 cm wide; syncarp solitary, 
pendulous, 12-16 cm long, 6-10 cm in diame- 
ter, ellipsoid. 
DESCRIPTION OF STAMINATE PLANTS: BraC- 
teal leaves up to 80 cm long, 3.5 cm wide, coria- 
ceous, apparently pale, ligulate, the upper l A 
long tapering to a trigonous subulate apex, this 
10 cm down 2 mm wide, the lower wholly 
unarmed, at midsection with 5 1 secondary veins 
in each half, no visible tertiary veins; near the 
apex the margins and midrib below with subu- 
late serrulations 0.5-0.7 mm long, 2-6 mm 
apart; staminate inflorescence 45 cm long, with 
8 spikes, these 15-25 cm long, 12-15 mm in 
diameter, densely flowered but somewhat in- 
terrupted; flowers sweet and sickly scented; fila- 
ment column 4 mm long, stout, clavate, bearing 
an apical parasol-like scale 3-5 mm in diameter, 
the apex hispidulous with hairs 0. 3-0.4 mm 
long; free filament tips 0.5-2 mm long, pendent 
from the lower surface, glabrous or sparsely 
hispidulous; anthers 10-16, and 0.8-1. 3 mm 
long, mostly cylindric, bearing an apical mucro 
0.2 mm long, formed of a projection of the 
connective (description from Corner 28,161). 
ISOTYPE: Malaya, Johor, Muar, Bukit Wiligu, 
Sungei Pauh, 1902, Fox 11,326 (SING). Isotype 
examined! 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Malaya, Johore, Ma- 
wai, generally flowering of staminate and pistil- 
late on riverside, flowers visited by bees and 
beetles, May 13, 1934, E. J. H. Corner 28,161 
(SING). 
DISTRIBUTION: Malaya and Sumatra, form- 
ing dense thickets in estuaries, forming a zone 
beginning where Nip a stops, in tidal fresh wa- 
ter. Plants with similar leaves have been seen 
from Borneo. 
DISCUSSION : P. johorensis Martelli is a mem- 
ber of the section Rykia. It was briefly pub- 
lished in 1904 by Martelli as only a few phrases 
in a key to certain species. His holotype was: 
"Stato di Johor. Penis. Malese, no. 11326 Ridl. 
(H. Becc.).” The specimen above cited is an 
isotype in the herbarium in Singapore. It bears 
the data: "Malay Peninsula, Johor, Bukit Wilgu, 
Sungei Pau, 1902, Fox 11,326.” In his Materials 
for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula 2: 226, 
1907, Ridley accepted Martelli ’s species, and 
cited the single collection, "Muar: Bukit Wilgu, 
Sungei Pauh (W. Fox) 11326.” Later, Ridley 
in his Flora of the Malay Peninsula 5: 77, 1925, 
treated this plant as P. johorensis sensu Ridl., 
not of Martelli, and redescribed it as the new 
species P. muarensis Ridl. For this he had the 
holotype: "Muar, Sungei Pauh (Fox).” What- 
ever misconception Ridley thought there was, 
he had no right to rename the species using the 
same holotype. Certainly the collection Fox 
11326 from Bukit Wilgu, Sungei Pauh, Johor, 
is the same as [Ridley] 11,326 with the same 
locality data. The number is a Singapore Her- 
barium number, as the staff members were re- 
quired to use this single series of numbers, not 
their own personal collection numbers. The hol- 
otypic specimen in the herbarium at Firenze was 
not a duplicate distributed from Singapore. 
Rather, it is a fragment consisting of about two 
score of the drupes placed in a paper pocket on 
which in Martelli’s hand is written the data. 
These fragments were taken from the syncarp 
of the isotypic specimen, then in Calcutta, now 
in Firenze. It lacks stem, leaves, inflorescence, 
and syncarp. Nevertheless, the actual holotype 
is this fragmentary specimen, Fox (or Ridley ), 
once in Calcutta, and now in Firenze. However, 
there seems no doubt but that P. muarensis Ridl. 
is a typonym and must be placed in the syn- 
onymy of P. johorensis Martelli. The isotype in 
Singapore has a syncarp with immature drupes 
that have not matured their endocarp and seed. 
Pandanus penangensis Ridl., Asiat. Soc, Straits 
Branch, Jour. 41: 50, (1904) = 1903; 
FI. Malay Penin. 5: 81, 1925; (sect. 
Rykia ) 
Fig. 191 
diagnosis OF HOLOTYPE: "Tree 7 m. tall, 
10 cm. in diameter”; leaves 2 m or more long, 
near the base 12 cm wide, when young marbled 
light and dark green, beginning at 15-16 cm 
