Lord Howe Island, Part 3— PARAMONOV 
371 
CONCLUSIONS 
1. Lord Howe Island is not an "oceanic” 
island owing its existence to the activity of 
corals, although some part was played by them; 
the island’s fauna and flora are not a casual 
"mixtum compositum” of elements arrived by 
various methods from different directions, dur- 
ing different epochs. 
2. Lord Howe Island is a small part of a 
sunken continent or large island, preserving 
a very specific fauna and flora, with very high 
endemism (in some groups as high as 70%). 
3. Some endemic species developed here 
probably as a result of very long isolation from 
the closely related population in the surround- 
ing areas; other endemic species (some birds) 
probably are unchanged species preserved from 
the sunken land, being mostly destroyed by 
man in the surrounding areas. 
4. The sunken land ("Howeania”) was 
never connected with the Australian continent 
after creation of Eucalyptus and Acacia species, 
because on the island they are absent, although 
growing very well when introduced. It appears 
that the island’s isolation is very old. 
5. Lord Howe Island was probably never 
directly connected with Norfolk Island. The 
Araucarias of Norfolk Island, so typical of that 
island, are absent from Lord Howe Island. The 
species common to both islands are probably 
species with very strong capacity for dissemi- 
nation. 
6. Having no land connection with Australia 
and Norfolk Island, Lord Howe Island received 
its fauna and flora mostly from the north and 
south. Warmth-loving elements of the flora 
and fauna probably arrived from the northeast 
( palms, for example ) . All the tropical elements 
show a connection with this direction. 
7. The elements of subtropical or moderate 
areas, liking cool climate and high humidity, 
probably arrived from southeastern and south- 
ern directions (the so-called New Zealand ele- 
ments have their origin in these sectors). 
8. Since it is a highly elevated island (up to 
2,800 ft) Lord Howe Island has preserved its 
character, and its flora and fauna, for a long 
period of geological time. The flora and fauna 
of its summits (for example the plant Dixonia 
Fig. 8. 
1. Mt. Eliza 
2. Caves in this area 
3. North Hills 
4. Dawson Peak 
5. Poole’s Lookout 
6. North Ridge 
7. Grassy Hill 
8. North Scab 
9. Old Settlement Creek 
10. Thomson’s Lookout 
1 1 . Settlement Creek 
12. Hine’s Curio Shop 
13. "Ocean View’’ Guest House 
14. The Peg 
15. "Somerset" Guest House 
16. Thomson’s General Store 
17. Electric Power Station 
18. "Waverley’s” Tea Rooms 
19- "Dignam’s” Tea Rooms 
20. The Hall 
21. "Leanda Lei’’ Hotel 
22. Doctor 
23. Post Office & Bank Agency 
24. Hospital 
25. Government House 
26. School 
27. "Pine Trees’’ Guest House 
28. Nichol’s Clear Place 
29. Blinky Beach Picnic Hut 
30. Lagoon 
31. Soldier’s or Big Creek 
32. "Smoking Tree" 
33. "Goat House” 
Asterisks indicate localities known by more than one name. Those currently used on the island are shown 
on the map and alternative names are listed below: 
Admiralty Islets: Roach Islets 
Blinkenthorpe Bay: Ross Bay 
Lion Point: Mutton Bird Point 
Mt. Malabar: North Peak 
North Bay: Callam’s Bay 
North Rock: North Islet 
Old Gulch: Collin’s Cove 
Rabbit Island : Blackburn or Goat Island 
Rabbit Island Passage: Boat Passage 
South Entrance: Erscott’s Passage 
Sugarloaf: Soldier’s Cap 
Transit Hill: Lookout Mountain 
