LXXXVII. LORANTHACEiE 
441 
long; branches fleshy, flat, jointed, joints 1-J in., not grooved. 
Flowers minute, clustered at the tops of the joints, male and female 
in the same cluster. Berry ovoid, T V in.,, crowned with the per- 
sistent perianth-lobes. 
Simla, the Glen, usually on Quercus incana ; May- July. — Temperate 
Himalaya, 5000-7000 ft.— China, Japan, Australia. 
LXXXVIII. SANTALACE^E 
Shrubs or herbs, glabrous. Leaves alternate, simple, entire ; 
stipules none. Flowers small, 1- or 2-sexual. Perianth 3-5-lobed. 
Stamens 3-5, short, inserted on the lobes ; anthers 2-celled. Ovary 
inferior, 1-celled ; ovules 2-4. Fruit a one-seeded nut or drupe. — 
Temperate and tropical regions. — From the Persian or Arabic 
Shandal, supposed to be derived from the Sanskrit name of the 
Sandal-wood tree. 
The strongly scented sandal-wood, used for carved work and incense, is 
obtained from Santalum album , indigenous in S. India, and cultivated as far 
north as Saharunpore. 
A herb. Leaves linear. ........ 1. Thesium. 
A shrub. Leaves oblong-ovate ....... 2. Osyris. 
1. THESITJM. Origin of name obscure. Thesseon is a name 
used by Theophrastus for a plant not identified by modern bota- 
nists. — Temperate and tropical regions. 
*Thesium himalense, Boyle ; FI. Br. hid. v. 229. A straggling, 
often much branched herb, parasitic on the roots of other plants ; 
stems 6-18 in., slender, procumbent or nearly erect. Leaves 
sessile, linear, 1-2 in. Flowers small, 2-sexual, yellow or pale 
green, stalked, axillary, forming terminal racemes or panicles ; 
bracts 3, leaf-like, one much longer than the others. Perianth- 
lobes 5, obtuse. Stamens 5. Style short, linear ; stigma capitate. 
Nut ovoid, ^ in., wrinkled, crowned with the remains of the 
perianth. 
From the Clienab to Kumaon, on open stony ground, 5000-10,000 ft. ; June, 
July. 
Habit of Thesium linophyllum , the Bastard Toadflax of S. England. 
The reference given in the FI. Br. Ind. for the authorship of this species, 
‘ Boyle, Illustr. 322,’ contains no description of the plant ; for description, see 
Edgeworth in Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. 88. 
2. OSYRIS. The Greek name of a plant supposed to have 
been dedicated to the deity Osiris. — Europe, Africa, India. 
