XCIII. MYBICACEiE 471 
red. Drupe sessile, scaly, ovoid, J-f in., flesh red, stone wrinkled 
and pitted. (Fig. 151.) 
Simla, below 6000 ft., the Glen &c. ; October-December, sometimes in the 
spring. — Himalaya and Khasia — Malaya, China and Japan. 
The fruit commonly known as Kaiphal is eaten, and the bark is used in 
medicine. 
The Sweet Gale, M. Gale , is common in bogs and on wet moors in Britain. 
XCIV. CUPULIFER^E 
Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, undivided or rarely slightly 
lobed, usually toothed ; stipules soon falling off. Flowers small 
or minute, 1-sexual, the male in catkins, the female in spikes, both 
sexes on the same tree. Male catkins usually cylindric and 
drooping ; female spikes cylindric or ovoid, usually erect at least 
when young. Male flowers: perianth membranous or none; 
stamens 3-16, filaments free, sometimes minutely forked, anthers 
usually 2-celled. Female flowers : perianth none or tubular, more 
or less adnate to the ovary, the limb if present minute and 
toothed ; ovary 2- or 3 -celled, cells not distinct until after fertili- 
sation, ovules 1-2 in each cell, all but one usually abortive ; styles 
as many as the cells, usually more or less united at the base. 
Fruit a nut, the nuts either large and solitary or in small clusters 
