594 
CXIII. GKAMINEiE 
hairy or nearly glabrous, mid-rib prominent. Spikes 2-6 in each 
cluster, nearly glabrous, slender, 1-3 in. Spikelets pale green ; 
nerves minutely bristly ; stalks fringed. Empty glumes 2, the 
uppermost wanting. Awn slender, usually shorter than the 
spikelet. Stamens 3. 
Simla. — Temperate Himalaya, 4000-7000 ft. — China, Japan. 
5. Pollinia nuda, Trin . ; FI. Br. Ind. vii. 117. Stems 2-3 ft., 
very slender, decumbent and much branched near the base. 
Leaves lanceolate, about 3x| in., glabrous or nearly so, narrowed 
into a stalk- like base, finely pointed. Spikes 2-8 in each cluster, 
nearly glabrous, very slender, 1-4 in. Spikelets pale green, glab- 
rous except the basal tuft ; stalks glabrous. Empty glumes 3 or 2, 
the uppermost being sometimes absent. Awn hair-like, short or 
long. Stamens 2. 
Simla, the Glen. — Temperate Himalaya, 4000-7000 ft.— China, S. Africa. 
12. SACCHARTJM. From the Latin mccharum, sugar. — Tropical 
regions, chiefly in Asia. 
Saccharum spontaneum, Linn . ; FI. Br. Ind, vii. 118. Perennial ; 
stems 5-15 ft., erect, densely silky just below the panicle. Leaves 
erect, very long and narrow ; margins smooth or rough ; mouth of 
sheath woolly. Ligule short, hairy. Spikelets very numerous, 
awnless, narrowly ovoid, \ in., 1 -flowered, in pairs or threes at 
the end of branches, dissimilar, one sessile, 2-sexual, the other 
stalked, female, both fertile and enveloped in a basal tuft of long, 
white, silky hairs, arranged along the straight, spike-like, whorled 
branches of a narrow, dense, erect, silky panicle 1-2 ft. long. 
Empty glumes 3 ; two lower nearly equal, concave, pointed ; 
uppermost rather smaller, flat, lanceolate, transparent. Flowering 
glume 1, smaller ; the others transparent, sometimes wanting. 
Stamens 3. Styles 2, distinct, purple-fringed. Grain oblong, free 
within the persistent glumes. 
Simla. — Throughout India, ascending to 6000 ft.— S. Europe and warm 
regions of the Old World. 
Native name Kans. 
The sugar-cane, S. officinarum, is occasionally cultivated in the lower 
valleys, but it rarely, if ever, produces seed and is propagated by cuttings or 
layers. Native name Ukh. 
13. ERIANTHTJS. From the Greek erion, wool, and anthos, a 
flower, in allusion to the hairy spikelets. — Temperate and tropical 
regions. 
Perennial ; stems erect, usually tall. Leaves long, narrow. 
Ligule short, hairy. Spikelets small, very numerous, awned, nar- 
rowly ovoid, 1 -flowered, borne on the hairy branches of a dense, 
silky panicle, in pairs or in threes at the end of branches, similar, 
one sessile, the other stalked, each containing a 2-sexual, fertile 
