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2. SANICULA. Etymology obscure ; perhaps from the Latin 
sano, to heal, as during the Middle Ages the plant was believed to 
possess curative properties. — A small genus; most temperate 
regions. 
Sanicula europsea, Linn. ; FI. Br. Lid. ii. 670. Glabrous ; 
stem erect, 1-3 ft. Leaves palmately divided, segments 3-5, 
ovate, toothed, often lobed, teeth finely pointed : radical leaves 
long-stalked, 2-6 in. across ; stem-leaves few, smaller. Umbels 
irregularly compound. Bracts few, leaf-like. Bays unequal, re- 
peatedly forking. Branches ending in a very small head of flowers 
surrounded by small, linear bracteoles. Flowers minute, white, 
mostly 1-sexual. Calyx-teeth lanceolate, acute. Fruit ovoid, 
in., covered with hooked prickles. 
Simla, Mahasu, in forest ; June-August Temperate Himalaya, 4000- 
12,000 ft. — Mountains of S. India. — Asia, Africa, Europe (Britain). 
3. VICATIA. In honour of P. B. Yicat, a Swiss physician and 
botanical author of the eighteenth century. — Himalaya. 
Vicatia coniifolia, DC . ; FI. Br. Ind. ii. 671. Glabrous ; 
stem erect, 1-2 ft. Leaves finely divided, 2-3-pinnate ; leaflets 
pinnafifid, segments linear, acute. Umbels compound. Bracts 
linear, usually reduced to one. Bays 6-12, unequal, Bracteoles 
several, linear, much longer than their umbels. Flowers minute, 
dark red. Calyx-teeth none. Fruit smooth, oblong, about ^ in. ; 
ridges slender, distinct, not winged. 
Huttoo ; July, August. — Temperate Himalaya, 6000-12,000 ft. 
4. BUPLEURUM. Origin of name obscure. — Temperate Asia, 
Africa, N.W. America, Europe (Britain, Hare’s Ear). 
Perennial, glabrous, erect herbs. Leaves undivided, ovate, 
lanceolate or linear, entire, usually sessile ; longitudinal nerves 
prominent. Umbels compound, numerous, usually paniculate. 
Bays 3-8, unequal. Flowers yellow, except B. longicaule. Calyx- 
teeth none. Fruit smooth, ovoid or oblong, less than J in. ; ridges 
usually slender, distinct. 
Bupleurum longicaule, Wall., occurs on rocks near the top of the Chor and 
is common near Dalhousie and Dharmsala above 8000 ftf. Stems several. 
Bracteoles 5-8, ovate-lanceolate, much longer than their umbels. Petals and 
disk nearly black. 
In the following key the foliage-leaves of the stem are referred to, not the 
floral leaves of the panicle branches. 
Leaves at least f in. broad, usually more. 
Leaves ovate or lanceolate, lower ones stalked. Brac- 
teoles none or only one, linear . . . . 1. B. lanceolatum 
Leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, all sessile. Bracteoles 
2-4, broadly ovate, leaf-like 2. B. Candollii. 
