LII. COMPOSITE 279 
inner bifid or entire ; style-arms obtuse. Achenes rough, flattened, 
ribbed, narrowed at the tip. 
Involucral bracts woolly outside. Pappus rough . . 1. G. lanuginosa. 
Involucral bracts glabrous outside. Pappus smooth . . 2. G. Kunzeana. 
1. Gerbera lanuginosa, Benth . ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 390. Leaves 
lanceolate, 2^-6 xf-3 in., often pinnately lobed near the base, 
entire, minutely toothed or sinua^ely lobed, sessile or stalked ; 
stalks winged at the top, silky at the base. Heads 1-2 in. diam. ; 
stalks 6-12 in., cottony or naked or with a few minute, scattered 
bracts. Involucral bracts narrowly lanceolate, acute, white-woolly 
outside ; flowers often tinged w T ith pink ; pappus white, rough with 
minute barbs. Achenes slightly hairy. (Fig. 83.) 
Simla, common on dry slopes ; May-October. — W. Himalaya, 4000-8000 ft. 
The white coating on the leaves is used for making cloth, also as tinder, 
and to staunch wounds, etc. by the natives. 
2. Gerbera Kunzeana, Braun ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 390. Habit of 
the preceding species, but the heads are cylindric and only in. 
diam., and their stalks bear numerous long, thread-like bracts. 
Involucral bracts broadly lanceolate, glabrous ; pappus brown, 
smooth ; corolla of disk-flowers sometimes 5-toothed instead of 
2-tipped. Achenes hairy. 
Huttoo, not common ; July-September. — Temperate Himalaya, 7000- 
12,000 ft. 
49. CICHOKIUM. The classical name of the Succory or 
Endive, C. Endivia ; etymology obscure. — Temperate regions of 
the Old World. 
Cichorium Intybus, Linn.; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 391. An erect, 
usually rough and more or less glandular, perennial herb ; juice 
milky ; stems 1-3 ft., angled or grooved ; branches tough, rigid, 
spreading. Eadical and lower leaves 3-6 in., pinnatifid, lobes 
toothed, pointing downwards ; upper leaves alternate, small, 
entire. Heads ligulate, 1-1^ in. diam., terminal and solitary or 
axillary and clustered, sessile or on short, thick stalks. Involucre 
of about 8 inner bracts and a few outer smaller ones, all leaf-like 
with concave bases ; receptacle flat, usually bristly ; flowers bright 
blue ; pappus of 1 or 2 series of short, blunt, erect scales ; ligules 
very long, spreading, 5-toothed; style-arms long. Achenes smooth, 
angled, crowned with the ring of pappus scales. 
Simla, Boileaugunge, in fields ; August, September.— N.W. India, ascending 
to 6000 ft. — W. Asia, Europe (Britain, Wild Chicory). 
The Endive is supposed to be a cultivated form of this species. 
50. PICRIS. From the Greek picros , bitter, referring to its 
qualities. — N. Asia, N. Africa, Europe. 
