BIO 
LX. OLEACEiE 
white, in terminal or lateral panicles 2-3 in. long. Drupe in. 
long, black when ripe. 
Sutlej valley, Basantpur ; March-May. — Temperate Himalaya, 2000-6000 ft. 
— Mountains of S. India. 
6. LIGU STRUM. The Latin name of a shrub, probably the 
Privet, L. vulgare, derived from ligare, to bind ; referring to the 
use made of the flexible branches. — Asia, Australia, Europe. 
Ligustrum compaction, Hook. /. & Thoms . ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 616. 
A glabrous shrub or small tree. Leaves stalked, lanceolate, 
3-5 xf-lir in., entire, long-pointed. Flowers small, white, in ter- 
minal panicles 4-6 in. long. Calyx short, obscurely 4-toothed. 
Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, -j 1 ^ in. longer than the calyx ; lobes 4. 
Filaments short, anthers protruding. Style short ; stigma 2-lobed. 
Drupe ovoid, J-J in. long ; seeds 1-3. 
Valleys below Simla, not common, Koti, Khogua on the road to the Chor ; 
May, June.— W. Himalaya, 3500-6000 ft. 
Allied to the Privet, L. vulgare, of Britain. 
LX I. APOCYNACE^E 
Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, in threes in Nerium, simple, 
entire; stipules none. Flowers 2- sexual, regular, in terminal or 
axillary cymes. Calyx free, usually small, often glandular at the 
base within, deeply 5-lobed. Corolla salver-shaped ; tube long or 
short, usually dilated round the stamens ; limb spreading, 5-lobed. 
Stamens 5, inserted on the corolla -tube ; filaments short ; anthers 
distinct but more or less cohering in a cone, free from or adherent 
to the stigma, cell-bases obtuse or produced downwards in short, 
curved, pointed tails. Ovary superior, 2-celled, cells distinct or 
united ; style simple, linear, stigma terminal ; ovules few or 
many in each cell. Fruit a berry or two distinct or more or less 
united follicles ; seeds few or many, naked or crowned with a 
tuft of hairs. — Nearly all tropical and subtropical regions. 
Plumeria acutifolia, the Frangipani tree, is cultivated throughout India, 
and sometimes planted in the lower hills. A small tree with thick branches, 
and copious, milky juice. Leaves lanceolate, 6-15 in., crowded at the end of 
branches. Flowers fragrant. Corolla salver-shaped, white, pale yellow in the 
centre, 2-3 in. across. 
Vinca rosea, the Periwinkle, a West Indian plant, is cultivated throughout 
India, and sometimes seen as an escape. Leaves obovate. Flowers axillary, 
pink, 1^-2 in. diam. 
Anthers free from the stigma ; cell-bases obtuse. 
A spinous shrub. Leaves 1-1^ in. Fruit a berry. . 1. Carissa. 
An unarmed tree. Leaves 6 in. Fruit two long 
follicles 2. Holarrhena. 
