588 
INDEX. 
Fir-tree, iii. 218. Scotch Jir, where found, 21 9. its timber — pro- 
duces the largest masts, 220. Weymouth pine, extensive woods 
of, and where found, 221. the Larch a useful species of this 
genus, 221. yields the Venice turpentine, 222. common tur- 
pentine collected from the fir— manner in which this is effected 
by the Italian peasants, 223. resin, pitch, and tar, the produce 
of different species of fir, 224. manner of obtaining these pro- 
ducts —nourishment derived from the fir by the Laplanders, 
224 — 229. Siberian ermine hunters use the inner bark as a sub- 
stitute for yeast, 230. 
Fishes, description of their scales, ii . 115. those provided with 
the greatest number of fins not always the quickest swimmers 
— uses of the fins, 116. how respiration is performed, 117- the 
air-bladder — sense of smelling, 118, 1 1 9. organ of hearing — 
sense of seeing, 120. mutually plunder and devour each other 
— their great fecundity, 121. lives of fishes extended to a greater 
length than other animals, 1 22. 
Flexible Marble. See Marble. 
Flos Ferri. See Stalactites. 
Flying Dragon described, ii, 39. where found — manners, 40. im- 
positions respecting, 41. 
Flying-fish, description and manners, ii. 1S7> 188- 
Fly, pendulous, exhibits a striking example of contrivance, ii. 465. 
their singular formation— and mode of respiring, 466. passage 
of the larva to the perfect fly — All flies contain parts worthy of 
observation — exemplified in the common fly, 467. the eyes — 
the legs, 468. the trunk, 469. 
Fly, Spanish. See Oil Beetle. 
Fluor Spar, its form, iii. 375. its different colours and phospho- 
rescent property — possesses an acid which dissolves flint, 376. 
where found, 3 77- uses t0 which it is applied, 379- 
Fox, arctic, easily caught in a trap — endure the extreme cold of 
Spitsbergen, i. 184. description, 185. singular account of their 
manners, 185 — 189. their residence, food, and the manner of 
catching them in Greenland — the fox equally cunning in all 
countries — manners of our common fox, I89, 190. three varieties 
found in the mountainous parts of our islands, 19 1. 
