V. 
Stationed on the commanding height of Wharnside, the observer 
may remark on the east a mountain of nearly the same name (Great 
Whemside) and nearly equal elevation, 2,310 feet; and close to it a 
rival named Buckden Pike, 2,304 feet. To the south he may see the 
huge mass of Pendle Hill, near Clithero, in Lancashire ; which, though 
of far inferior height, (1,894 feet) is joined by the partial respect of the 
picturesque region around it, into a rude verse* with Ingleborough and 
Pennigent. On the west, the eye ranges from Wharnside to the frontier 
peaks of the Lake Country; and in the nearer ground, a part of West- 
moreland, on the east side of the Lune, from Kirby Lonsdale toward 
Kirby Stephen, runs a broken ridge of slaty rocks which rise, in the hill 
called Birkin, to 2,000 feet, and in Howgill Fells, which belong to 
Yorkshire, constitute a remarkable and little known region, whose culmi- 
nating point, ‘The Calf,’ is 2,220 feet above the sea. 
Let the reader imagine that from the series of lofty summits thus 
sketched from the source of the Tees to the sides of the Kibble and the 
Lune, a length of sixty miles, the whole wide region sinks with a general 
and gentle inclination, to the east, till it is lost in the vale of Y ork ; let 
him regard the valleys of the Tees, Swale, Yore, Nid, Wharfe, and 
Kibble, as excavations commencing amidst, and about 1 ,000 feet beneath, 
the lofty points which have been named, sinking rapidly through a 
desolate region to about 800 feet above the sea, and then dividing vales 
sometimes rich with luxuriant meadows, (as Wensleydale) or buried in 
ancient woods (as great part of Nidderdale) or overhung by mighty 
rocks (as the upper branches of Wharfedale) ; and further consider the 
wild and fantastic ridges which separate these dales, and give origin to 
innumerable rivulets and picturesque cataracts ; he will scarcely need 
the additional charm imparted by the noble abbeys which adorn so many 
of these valleys, to persuade him to explore the mountain region of 
Yorkshire. 
There are two considerable Lakes in and adjoining the district ; 
Simmer Water, in Wensleydale, and Malham Tarn, the source of the 
Aire. Bowland Forest may be considered as an extension of the moor- 
land part of this region ; and the- Low Craven country about Gisburn 
must be ranked with the calcareous and argillaceous portion. 
‘ Pennigent, and Pendle Hill, 
and Little Ingleborough,’ &c. 
