24 
V. PAPAVERACEiE 
2. ARGEMONE. From the Greek argema , a white spot in the 
eye ; the juice of the plant was used as a remedy in diseases of 
the eye. — America ; naturalised elsewhere. 
Argemone mexicana, Linn. ; FI. Br. Ind. i. 117. Glabrous, 
glaucous. Stems 1-4 ft., prickly, branching. Juice yellow. 
Leaves thistle-like, stem- clasping, oblong, 3-7 in., sinuately 
pinnatifid, spinous veins white. Flowers yellow, 1-2 in. diam., 
terminal on short, leafy branches. Sepals 3, prickly, ovate, pro- 
duced just below the tip in a short, horn-like excrescence. Petals 
6. Ovary prickly, 1 -celled ; stigma sessile, 4-6-lobed ; ovules 
numerous, borne on the walls of the cavity. Capsule prickly, 
oblong-ovoid, 1-1J in., opening by 4-6 valves. Seeds numerous, 
globose, netted. 
Badherighat, below Jutogh ; May, June. — Throughout India, common in 
fields and on roadsides, ascending to 5000 ft. — An introduced weed, widely 
naturalised in nearly all tropical countries. 
VI. FUMARIACE^; 
Glabrous herbs ; rootstock usually perennial. Leaves alter- 
nate, rarely opposite, glaucous, pinnately divided ; leaflets small, 
thin, more or less lobed ; stipules none. Flowers irregular, 
corymbose or racemed. Sepals 2, small, scale-like. Petals 4, 
erect, tips converging ; the two outer larger than the two inner, 
united at the base, and the upper one spurred in Corydalis and 
Fumaria ; inner pair narrow, their crested tips united over the 
stigma. Stamens 6, united in 2 sets of 3 each, the middle anther 
of each set 2-celled, lateral anthers 1 -celled. Ovary 1 -celled ; 
ovules several or only one ; style thread-like, stigma dilated, often 
2-lobed. Fruit a 2-valved, several-seeded capsule, or a 1-seeded 
nutlet. Seeds small, black. — Temperate and warm regions of the 
N. Hemisphere ; S. Africa. 
Petals not spurred. Leaf -stalks ending in a tendril . . 1. Dicentra . 
Upper petal spurred. Tendrils none. 
Fruit a flat capsule. Spur half the length of the petal . 2. Corydalis. 
Fruit a globose nutlet. Spur less than one-third the length 
of the petal . . . . . . . .3. Fumaria. 
1. DICENTRA. From the Greek dis, twice, and kentron, a 
spur, referring to the spurred petals of some species. — Temperate 
regions of N. Asia and N. America. 
Dicentra Roylei, Hook. f. Thoms. ; FI. Br. Ind. i. 121. A 
slender herb climbing by its leaf -tendrils. Stems 2-3 ft. Leaves 
