162 
XXXI. ROSACEJE 
Leaves compound ; leaflets 5-1 1 , ovate or ovate-lanceolate, lateral 
leaflets 1^-2J in., terminal one rather larger, often lobed ; upper 
surface green, glabrous, lower white-tomentose. Flowers dark 
pink, J-f in. diam., crowded in small, tomentose panicles. Calyx- 
lobes tomentose inside and out, lanceolate, acute, longer than the 
petals. Drupelets black, hoary. 
Simla, Mahasu, common ; March-May. — Throughout the Himalaya, 4000- 
10,000 ft. — Burmah, Java. 
A prostrate variety with 3-7 much smaller leaflets is distinguished in the 
FI. Br. Ind. as R. foliolosus , Don ; it occurs in the Mahasu forests. 
5. GEUM. From the Greek geuo, to stimulate ; referring to 
the aromatic roots. — Nearly all temperate and cold regions. 
Soft, hairy herbs ; rootstock perennial ; stems several, erect. 
Leaves pinnately compound ; lateral segments or leaflets in 
unequal pairs, terminal one largest. Radical leaves numerous, 
crowded ; stem-leaves few. Stipules broad, toothed, often lobed, 
adnate to the base of the leaf-stalk. Flowers yellow, few, long- 
stalked, in terminal cymes. Calyx persistent ; tube bowl- or cup- 
shaped, bearing on its outer margin 5 small bracteoles alternate 
with the 5 lobes of the limb. Petals 5, broadly obovate. Stamens 
numerous. Carpels numerous, superior, densely hairy, crowded 
on a dry, convex receptacle ; style terminal ; stigma minute ; ovule 
solitary. Fruit a globose head of densely hairy achenes always 
dry ; achenes each tipped with the elongated, persistent style. 
Radical leaves 4-6 in. Flowers |--§ in. diam. Calyx -lobes 
reflexed. Style jointed in the middle . . . 1 . G. urbanum. 
Radical leaves 6-12 in. Flowers 1-1| -i n * diam. Calyx-lobes 
spreading. Style simple, not jointed . . . . 2. G. datum. 
1. Geum urbanum, Linn. ; FI. Br. Ind. ii. 342. Stems 1-3 ft. 
Leaves pinnate ; leaflets acutely and irregularly toothed. Radical 
leaves 4-6 in. ; lateral leaflets 6-12, nearly sessile, uppermost 
pair large, others all small but the alternate pairs larger ; terminal 
leaflet stalked, nearly orbicular, 1-3 in. diam., often lobed. 
Upper stem-leaves usually of 3 leaflets ; the lateral leaflets some- 
times merged in the terminal one and forming a 3 -lobed leaf. 
Lower stem-leaves similar to the radical but shorter. Flowers 
pale yellow, J-f in. diam. Calyx lobes reflexed. Style sharply 
incurved and jointed near the middle, lower portion glabrous, 
persistent, becoming elongated and hooked in fruit, terminal 
portion hairy, ultimately breaking off. 
Simla, common; May-July. — W. Himalaya, 6000-11,000 ft. — W. Asia, 
Europe (Britain, Herb-Bennet). 
2. Geum elatum, Wall. ; FI. Br. Ind. ii. 343. Stems 12-18 in. 
Radical leaves pinnatisect, 6-12 in. ; segments crenate or sharply 
toothed, often lobed ; lateral segments numerous, nearly or quite 
distinct, broad-based, sessile, ovate or oblong, up to 1 in. long, 
