XXXI. ROSACEiE 
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diam., in terminal corymbs. Calyx-lobes 5, narrowly lanceolate, 
shorter than the petals, long-pointed. Petals 5. Styles united in 
a column protruding far above the calyx-mouth. Fruit globose ; 
calyx -lobes reflexed. 
Simla, common ; April-June. — Temperate Himalaya, 4000-8000 ft. — 
Afghanistan, Europe and Abyssinia, eastward to China. 
10. PYRUS. The classical name of the Pear tree. — N. tem- 
perate regions. 
Trees or shrubs. Leaves stalked, simple or pinnate, toothed ; 
stipules soon falling off. Flowers in simple or compound, ter- 
minal corymbs. Calyx-tube bell-shaped, adnate to the ovary, 
becoming enlarged and fleshy in fruit ; lobes 5, reflexed, persis- 
tent or falling off after flowering. Petals 5, orbicular, shortly 
clawed. Stamens numerous. Carpels enclosed within and adnate 
to the calyx-tube ; styles 2-5, free to the base or nearly so ; 
stigma terminal, small. Fruit globose, fleshy, having 2-5 parch- 
ment-like cells at the centre, each containing 1 or 2 seeds or pips. 
The Apple, P. Malus, bearing pink flowers 1|— 2 in. diam., and the common 
Pear, P. communis, bearing white flowers 1| in. diam., are both planted at 
Simla and flower during March and April. The Quince, Cydonia vulgaris, with 
white or pale red flowers is also cultivated in the N.W.llimalaya. 
Leaves simple, sometimes lobed. Calyx-lobes fallen off in 
fruit. 
Leaves usually glabrous. Flowers few, in simple 
corymbs. Fruit apple-shaped. 
Leaves sharply toothed. Fruit red, smooth . . 1. P. baccata . 
Leaves crenate, rarely sharply toothed. Fruit yellow- 
brown, rough . . . . . . . 2. P. Pashia 
Leaves usually white -tomentose on lower surface. 
Flowers numerous, in compound corymbs. Fruit 
pear-shaped . . . . . . . 3. P. lanata. 
Leaves pinnately compound. Calyx-lobes persisting on the 
fruit. 
Corymb-branches and lower surface of leaves glabrous 4. P. Aucujparia. 
Corymb- branches and lower surface of leaves red- 
tomentose ........ 5. P. foliolosa. 
1 . Pyrus baecata, Linn. : FI. Br. Ind. ii. 373. A small, more 
or less pubescent tree. Leaves simple, ovate, 2-3 in., sharply 
toothed, sometimes long-pointed. Flowers about 10 or fewer, 
in simple corymbs, long-stalked, white, 1| in. diam. ; buds pink. 
Calyx-lobes falling off. Styles 5, nearly free, base woolly. Fruit 
apple-shaped, in. diam., red, smooth, shining. 
Deoti ; April, May. — W. Himalaya, 6000-10,000 ft. — Siberia, China, Japan. 
Often planted in Britain (Siberian Crab). 
2. Pyrus Pashia, Buck. -Ham. ; FI. Br. Ind. ii. 374. A small 
tree ; barren branchlets usually ending in a spine. Leaves simple, 
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2-4 in., crenate or long-pointed, 
