XXXII. SAXIFRAGACEiE 
175 
none. Stamens 5, opposite the sepals. Ovary nearly free, 2* 
celled ; styles 2. Capsule small, 2-beaked ; seeds numerous, 
minute. (Fig. 49.) 
Simla, Mushobra, in forest undergrowth ; July, August. — Temperate 
Himalaya, 4000-7000 ft. 
Habit of Spircea Aruncus from which the apetalous flowers and fewer 
stamens at once distinguish it. 
2. SAXIFRAGA. From the Latin saxum, a stone, and frango, 
to break ; referring to the former repute of some species as a 
remedy for stone ; an idea derived from their growing among 
rocks. — North temperate, alpine and Arctic regions; Andes of 
S. America. 
Herbs ; rootstock perennial ; stems erect or decumbent, often 
densely tufted. Leaves simple, lower often rosulate or crowded, 
upper alternate. Flowers in terminal panicles or corymbs, rarely 
solitary. Calyx adnate to the base of the ovary ; tube short ; 
limb deeply 5-lobed. Petals 5. Stamens 10. Ovary 2-celled, 
lower half adnate to the calyx ; styles 2, distinct, usually diver- 
gent ; ovules numerous. Capsule 2-beaked ; seeds many, minute. 
Small, slender herbs. Flowers yellow. 
Leaves ovate, 1-2 in., entire, lower stalked, upper 
sessile . . . . . . . 1. S. diversifolia. 
Leaves linear or narrowly lanceolate, in., glan- 
dular-fringed or bristly on the margins, all 
sessile. 
Leaves uniformly scattered. Sepals glandular. 
Runners none . . . . . . 2. S. filicaulis. 
Lower leaves crowded, densely imbricate. Sepals 
glabrous. Runners numerous . . 3. S. Brunoniana. 
Large, thick-stemmed herbs. Flowers white or pink. 
Leaves hairy, entire, fringed ; stalk sheathing at the 
base only . . . . . . . 4. S. ciliata. 
Leaves glabrous, toothed ; stalk sheathing nearly 
throughout its length . . . . . 5. 8. Stracheyi. 
1. Saxifraga diversifolia, Wall. ; FI. Br. Ind. ii. 393. Stems 
erect, 6-12 in., more or less glandular-hairy. Lower leaves 
crowded, long-stalked, ovate, 1-2 in., entire ; stem-leaves distant, 
sessile. Flowers yellow, \ in. diam., in terminal corymbs. Base 
of petals glandular. Sepals glandular, reflexed in fruit. (Fig. 50.) 
Simla, rare, Mushobra, Mahasu, common ; August, September. — Temperate 
Himalaya, 8000-17,000 ft. 
The plant described above is typical S. parnassifolia, Wall. S. Moorcrof- 
tiana, Wall., which occurs on the Chor, is a much taller and more robust herb 
with lanceolate or oblong leaves 2—4 in. long. In the FI Br. Ind. both forms 
are included under S. diversifolia. 
2. Saxifraga filicaulis, Wall. ; FI. Br. Ind. ii. 396. Stems 
very slender, wiry, tufted, 3-8 in., leafy, procumbent, much 
branched, roughly glandular, pubescent. Leaves usually scattered, 
