214 
XLY. UMBELLIFERJE 
usually large, 1-3-pinnate ; leaflets often in threes or reduced to 3, 
sometimes to 1, ovate or lanceolate, undivided or lobed, irregularly 
and sharply toothed ; upper surface dark green, lower glaucous. 
Umbels compound, long-stalked. Bracts several, linear, up to 
1 in. Rays many, nearly equal. Bracteoles many, linear, \ in. 
Flowers white or purple, many in an umbel. Calyx-teeth none. 
Fruit glabrous, flattened, oblong, \ X J in. ; dorsal and inter- 
mediate ridges not winged, lateral ridges expanded into mem- 
branous, broad, free wings so that the fruit is surrounded by a 
double or two-leaved border. 
Narkunda, Jiuttoo ; July-September. — W. Himalaya, 8000-10,000 ft. 
The aromatic root is used medicinally and as a spice by the hill men. 
Kashmiri name Chohore. 
13. HERACLEUM. Heracleon, derived from Herakles the 
Greek form of Hercules, was the classical name of some plant that 
cannot now be identified. — 1ST. temperate regions. 
Perennial herbs ; stems erect, grooved, hollow. Leaves 
pinnately divided. Umbels compound, long-stalked. Bracts few, 
linear, J-J in., often falling off after the flowering season. Rays 
unequal. Bracteoles 4-8, linear, up to J in. long. Flowers white, 
usually polygamous, many in an umbel ; stalks unequal. Calyx- 
teeth none or very small. Fruit flattened, ovate or obovate, §-| in. 
long ; dorsal and intermediate ridges not winged, lateral ridges ex- 
panded into membranous,. broad, cohering wings so that the fruit, 
before the ripe carpels separate, is surrounded by a single border. 
Vittse conspicuous as 4 dark, nearly parallel lines on each carpel. 
Glabrous or nearly so. Leaflets narrowly lanceolate or 
strap-shaped, entire, rarely lobed or toothed. Calyx- 
teeth none . . . . . . . . 1. H. cachemiricumi 
Hairy or densely pubescent. Leaflets oblong or ovate, 
toothed, usually lobed. Calyx-teeth small. 
Stems slender, 1-3 ft. Leaflets p-3 in. long ; both 
surfaces covered with scattered, short, white 
hairs . . . . . . . . 2. H. canescens. 
Leaflets 4-12 in. long ; upper surface nearly 
glabrous, lower densely pubescent, paler . . 3. H. candicans. 
1. Heracleum cachemiricum, C. B. Clarke; FI. Br. Ind. ii. 712. 
Glabrous or nearly so ; stems slender, 1-3 ft., nearly leafless. 
Leaves mostly radical, pinnate, long-stalked ; leaflets few, often 
in threes, sessile, narrowly lanceolate or strap-shaped, l-4xj-| 
in., entire, rarely lobed or with a few distant teeth. Rays 5-10. 
Calyx-teeth none. Fruit glabrous or minutely pubescent, ovate, 
1% X jfo in- 
Mushobra ; May, June. — Garhwal to Kashmir, 5000-8000 ft. 
This species hardly differs from that described as Peucedanum Dhana, 
Buch.-Ham., in the FI. Br. Ind. ii. 709. 
