260 
LII. COMPOSITES 
1. Vicoa auriculata, Cass. ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 297. Roughly 
pubescent ; stems rigid, slender, 1-3 ft., usually red. Leaves 
narrowly lanceolate, 2 X J in., toothed or entire, acute ; basal lobes 
blunt. Heads orange-yellow, J— J in. diani. Involucral bracts 
narrow, acute, tips erect or recurved ; ligules short, broad, 
recurved. 
Simla ; September, October.' — Throughout India, ascending to 6000 ft. 
2. Vicoa vestita, Benth. ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 297. Densely and 
softly hairy ; stems 10-18 in. Leaves thin, oblong-lanceolate, 
1-2 X|-l in., toothed ; basal lobes short, obtuse. Heads bright 
yellow, f-1 in. diam. Involucral bracts long, linear, fringed, tips 
recurved ; ligules long, narrow, spreading. 
Sutlej valley, in cornfields ; April. — Throughout India, ascending to 4000 ft. 
— Afghanistan.* 
23. CARPESIUM. From carpesion, the Greek name of some 
aromatic plant. — Asia, Europe. 
Erect, branched herbs. Leaves alternate, lanceolate. Heads 
discoid. Involucral bracts many, outer ones green, more or 
less leaf-like, inner much shorter, dry, broad, oblong, obtuse ; 
receptacle flat, naked ; flowers yellow ; pappus none ; corolla of 
outer flowers 3-toothed, of the inner slightly larger, 5-toothed. 
Achenes long, smooth, ribbed, tip shortly beaked, glandular. 
Heads |-1 in. diam., solitary, terminal, nodding . . 1. C. cernuum. 
Heads not more than in. diam. 
Heads few, solitary or in small clusters at the end of 
long, axillary stalks. Leaves broadly lanceolate . 2. C. trachelifolium. 
Heads numerous, axillary, nearly sessile or in 
axillary racemes. Leaves narrowly lanceolate . 3. C. nbrotanoides. 
! 
1. Carpesium cernuum, Linn . ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 300. Pubescent 
or shortly hairy ; stems 1-3 ft. Leaves lanceolate, 2-5 Xf-l| in., 
toothed, acute ; lower ones narrowed into a short, winged stalk, 
upper sessile. Heads |-1 in. diam., terminal, solitary, nodding ; 
several of the outer involucral bracts large, leaf -like. 
Simla, common in woods ; August-October. — Temperate Himalaya, 6000- 
8000 ft. — Asia, Europe. 
The Simla plant is cernuum proprium of the FI. Br. Ind. Var. pedun- . 
culosum occurs at Mahasu ; it is distinguished by its large, ovate leaves all with 
winged stalks, and the long, stiff, leafless stalks of the heads. 
2. Carpesium trachelifolium, Less. ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 301. 
More or less covered with long, soft hairs ; stems 10-18 in. Lower 
leaves long-stalked, broadly lanceolate, 3 X 1| in., cordate, sinuate- 
toothed ; upper smaller, sessile, nearly entire. Heads few, not 
more than J in. diam., solitary or in small clusters at the end of 
long, axillary stalks. 
Valleys below Simla ; August. — Temperate Himalaya, 4000-6000 ft 
