274 
LII. COMPOSITE 
Flowers dark purple. 
Stems 1-6 in. Heads flat, |-1 in. diam. 
Stems 2-5 ft. Heads globose, lf-2 in. diam. . 
Flowers pale red. 
Heads broad, §-l| in. diam., many-flowered 
Heads narrow, l in. diam., 5- or 6-flowered 
3. 8. taraxacifolia. 
4. S. hypoleuca. 
2. S. candicans. 
3. S. albescens. 
1. Saussurea taraxacifolia, Wall. ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 368. Stems 
cottony, erect, 1-6 in., base covered with the withered remains of 
old leaf -stalks. Leaves mostly radical, spreading, shortly stalked, 
4-8 X|-l in., pinnatifid ; lobes triangular, acute, all pointing down- 
wards like the lobes of a Dandelion leaf ; upper surface green, 
glabrous, lower white-tomentose. Heads solitary, J-l in. diam. 
Involucral bracts not spine-tipped ; flowers dark purple. 
Huttoo ; August-October. — Simla to Sikkim, 10,000-15,000 ft. 
2. Saussurea candicans, C. B. Clarice ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 373. 
Stems cottony, erect, 1-5 ft., often branching near the top. 
Radical leaves oblong or obovate, narrowed into a short stalk, 
1-6XJ-1J in., entire or sinuate, pinnately lobed near the base ; 
upper surface rough, lower white-tomentose. Stem-leaves usually 
few, sessile, lanceolate, usually smaller than the radical leaves. 
Heads f-lj in. diam., long-stalked, solitary or corymbose. 
Involucral bracts rigid, sharp ; flowers pale red. 
Simla, common ; April-June. — N. India, ascending to 7000 ft. — Afghanistan. 
3. Saussurea albescens, Hook. f. & Thoms. ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 374. 
Stems cottony, slender, erect, leafy, 6-10 ft., branching near the 
top. Leaves narrowly lanceolate, 4-12 in., entire, toothed or 
more or less pinnately lobed ; upper surface rough, lower white- 
tomentose. Heads erect, narrow, J-f in. long, 5- or 6-flowered in 
long-stalked corymbs. Involucral bracts rigid, tinged with purple ; 
flowers pale red. 
Fagoo, Matiana, Shali ; September, October. — Temperate Himalaya, 6000- 
10,000 ft. 
4. Saussurea hypoleuca, Spreng. ; FI. Br. Ind. iii. 374. Stems 
pubescent or glabrous, erect, leafy, 2-5 ft., simple or branching 
near the top. Radical leaves narrow, 6-10 in., pinnatifid ; lateral 
lobes pointing downwards, terminal lobe much larger, oblong. 
Stem-leaves 3-8 in., pinnately lobed ; lateral lobes 2-4 pairs, 
oblong, less than 1 in. long, terminal lobe triangular, acute, 
2-4 X 1-3 in., toothed or sinuate; upper surface rough, lower 
white-tomentose. Heads solitary, globose, l|-2 in. diam., nodding. 
Involucral bracts rigid, purple ; flowers dark purple. 
Huttoo; August-October. — Temperate Himalaya, 7000-13,000 ft. 
44. SERRATULA. From the Latin serrula, a small saw ; 
referring to the toothed leaves of some species. — N. temperate 
regions, Africa. 
