LXVII. SOLANACEiE 
341 
and may occasionally appear as escapes : the Tomato, Lycopersicum esculen- 
tum, flowers yellow ; the Tobacco, Nicotiana Tabacum, flowers white or pink , 
the Chilly, Capsicum frutescens, flowers white, fruit pungent. 
Flowers distinctly stalked. 
Flowers in clusters, racemes or irregular umbels. 
Anthers coherent, opening by terminal pores . .1. Solatium. 
Anthers free, opening by lateral slits . . .3. Withania. 
Flowers solitary, usually axillary. 
Flowers § in. diam. or less. 
Leaves 2 in. Fruiting calyx globose, enclosing the 
berry ........ 2. Physalis. 
Leaves 4-8 in. Fruiting calyx spreading. Berry 
free ........ 5. Atropa. 
Flowers 1-3 in. diam. 
Flowers blue. Calyx lobed nearly to the base . 4. Nicandra. 
Flowers white or purple. Calyx tubular . . 6 . Datum. 
Flowers sessile, crowded in a leafy spike. Corolla purple- 
veined . . . . . . . . .7. Hyoscyamus. 
1. SOLANUM. The classical name of 8. nigrum ; etymology 
doubtful. — Chiefly tropical and subtropical regions ; most numer- 
ous in America . 
Shrubs or herbs. Leaves stalked. Flowers in lateral cymes, 
racemes or irregular umbels, sometimes solitary. Calyx small. 
Corolla-tube very short ; limb spreading, 5-lobed, folding at the 
angles. Filaments very short ; anthers oblong, acute, coherent 
in a projecting cone, opening by pores at the top. Ovary 2-celled ; 
style long, stigma small. Berry globose. 
The Potato, S. tuberosum, belongs to this genus ; its cultivation at Simla has 
caused the destruction of much fine forest, notably between Mahasu and Fagoo. 
The Brinjal, S. Melongena, is also commonly cultivated ; it has prickly, lobed, 
woolly leaves and blue flowers 1 in. diam. 
Leaves smooth. 
Flowers white. 
Leaves glabrous or nearly so . . . 1. S. nigrum. 
Leaves stellately tomentose . . . 3. S. verbascifolium. 
Flowers purple . . . . . 2. S. Dulcamara. 
Leaves prickly. 
Leaves ovate, sinuate ; lower surface tomentose . 4. S. indicum. 
Leaves oblong, pinnatifid ; lower surface glabrous 
or nearly so . . . . . 5. S. xanihocarpum. 
1. Solanum nigrum, Linn. ; FI. Br. Ind. iv. 229. An erect, 
nearly glabrous, branching herb, 12-18 in. Leaves ovate or 
oblong, 1^-4 in., with coarse, angular teeth. Flowers white, 
in. diam., on slender, drooping stalks forming irregular, 
umbel-like clusters. Calyx-teeth obtuse. Berry \ in. diam., red, 
yellow or black. 
Simla, in woods, common ; June-October. — Throughout India, ascending to 
7000 ft. — Nearly all temperate and tropical regions (Britain, Black Nightshade). 
