XCVII. CONIFERiE 
487 
October shedding their yellow pollen in great profusion. The 
female cones at this season are | in. long and scarcely increase 
in size until the following April when they are about 1J in. The 
cones ripen in October and November of the year after flowering 
and the scales fall off with the seeds, leaving the naked axis of the 
cone remaining on the branches. (Fig. 159.) 
Simla, common. — N.W. Himalaya. — Afghanistan, 3500-12,000 ft. 
Local name Kelu. 
6. PICEA. From the Latin pix, pitch ; the trees produce 
abundance of resin. — -N. temperate and arctic regions. 
Picea Morinda, Link ; FI. Br. Ind. v. 653. A tall tree ; general 
outline conical ; branches horizontal, with hanging, tassel-like 
branchlets ; bark grey, divided by shallow cracks into small , 
Fig. 159. Cedrus Libani, var. Deodara. 
irregularly 4-sided scales ; foliage blue- or grey-green ; in April 
the old bud-scales may often be seen capping the end of the young 
shoots. Leaves 1-1 § in., needle-like, green, 4-sided, scattered 
round the branches. Male and female cones on the same tree. 
Male cones 1 in. when mature, single, erect, nearly sessile in the 
axils of the upper leaves ; anther-cells 2. Female cones terminal, 
single, ovoid-oblong, erect. Mature cones cylindric, 4-6 X 1-2 in., 
obtuse, pendent from the end of branches, dark brown when ripe ; 
scales thin and rounded at the tip, slightly thickened towards the 
base. Seed \ in., wing spathulate, nearly \ in. long. The cones 
ripen in October and November of the year after flowering, the 
scales remaining on the axis after the seeds have been shed. 
(Fig. 160.) 
Simla, a few trees, Maliasu, Narkunda, common ; April. — Temperate 
Himalaya, 6000-11,000 ft. — Afghanistan. 
Local name Rau. 
