CXIII. GRAMINE/E 
611 
cylindric, £-1 J in. Empty glumes lanceolate, tapering into a short 
point, the upper part of the keel fringed with stiff hairs. 
Sutlej valley, Suni. — W. Himalaya, 2000-9000 ft., in sandy soil. — The 
Punjab. — W. Asia, Europe (Britain). 
*3. Phleum asperum, Jacq. ; FI. Br. Ind. vii. 237. Annual ; 
stems tufted, 6-18 in. Leaves 2-4 in., up to J in. broad. Panicle 
cylindric, 1-3 in. Empty glumes rough, lanceolate, rather sud- 
denly contracted into a short, stiff point, keel not fringed. 
W. Himalaya, 5000-6000 ft. — W. Asia, Europe. 
27. ALOPECURUS. From the Greek alopex, a fox, and our a, 
a tail, referring to the inflorescence. — Temperate and cold regions. 
*Alopecurus geniculatus, Linn. ; FI. Br. Ind. vii. 239. Peren 
nial ; stems 6-18 in., erect or the base decumbent. Leaves 
3-6 in., J in. broad, fiat ; upper sheaths inflated. Ligule mem- 
branous, short. Spikelets pubescent, yellow-green, oblong, 
flattened, y in., 1 -flowered, crowded on the very short branches 
of a dense, cylindric, spike-like panicle 1-3 in. long. Rhachilla 
not prolonged. Empty glumes 2, boat-shaped, nearly equal, 
united near the base, pointed, keels fringed. Flowering glume 
as long, transparent, margins united near the base, tip truncate, 
minutely jagged, a rough, straight, shortly projecting awn inserted 
on the back near the base. Stamens 2 or 3. Styles 2, long, 
distinct, feathery. Grain ovate, flattened, loosely enclosed 
within the persistent glumes. 
Temperate Himalaya, 3000-7000 ft. — Most temperate regions, including 
Britain (Fox-tail Grass). 
28. POLYPOGON. From the Greek polys , many, and pogon, 
a beard, referring to the numerous awns. — Most warm and some 
temperate regions. 
Annual or perennial ; stems tufted, erect, usually decumbent 
near the base. Leaves flat. Ligule membranous. Spikelets 
flattened, less than ~ in., 1 -flowered, crowded on the very short 
branches of a dense, cylindric or lobed, spike-like panicle. Rha- 
chilla not prolonged. Empty glumes 2, pubescent, oblong, equal, 
^boat-shaped, a slender awn inserted on the back just below the 
tip, keels rough. Flowering glume much smaller, transparent, 
usually shortly awned. Stamens 1-3, anthers minute. Styles 2, 
short, distinct. Grain minute, free, enclosed within the persistent 
glumes. 
Panicle cylindric or slightly lobed. Margins of empty 
glumes fringed ; awns long . . . . . 1 . P. monspeliensis. 
Panicle interrupted or conspicuously lobed. Margins of 
empty glumes not fringed ; awns short . . . 2. P. littoralis . 
