CXIII. GRAMINEiE 613 
lower 1-2 in. Spikelets in., green, crowded. Upper empty 
glume much shorter than the flowering glume. 
Simla. — Throughout India, ascending to 5000 ft. — All warm countries. 
3. Sporobolus piliferus, Kuntln ; FI. Br. Ind. vii. 251. Annual ; 
stems 3-12. Leaves hairy ; margins minutely toothed. Panicle 
very narrow, almost cylindric, 1-3 in. ; branches erect, the lower 
l in. or less. Spikelets i n -> brown. Empty glumes very 
unequal, the upper as long as the flowering glume. 
Simla, Syree. — W. Himalaya,' 3000-8000 ft. — Malacca. 
30. AGROSTIS. The Greek name for all Grasses ; derived 
from agros, a field. — Chiefly temperate regions. 
Perennial, rarely annual ; stems tufted, smooth, usually erect. 
Leaves glabrous, entire, flat or the margins inrolled. Ligule mem- 
branous, usually short. Spikelets numerous, slightly flattened, 
about Yo k 1 -; 1 -flowered, occasionally 2-flowered in A. Royleana, 
arranged on the whorled branches of a pyramidal or narrow 
panicle. Rhachilla not prolonged. Empty glumes 2, boat-shaped, 
equal or nearly so, awnless, acute. Flowering glume shorter, 
transparent, glabrous or hairy, awned or not, tip truncate, minutely 
jagged. Stamens 3. Styles 2, very short, distinct, feathery. 
Grain oblong, free within the persistent glumes. 
Flowering glume hairy, awned. 
Awn protruding. Pale much shorter than the flowering 
glume . . . . . . . . 1 . A. Royleana. 
Awn included. Pale nearly as long as the flowering 
glume . . . . . . . . . 2. A. Munroana. 
Flowering glume glabrous, awnless. 
Panicle pyramidal, 4-10 in. ; branches spreading . . 3. A. alba. 
Panicle oblong, 1^-3 in. ; branches nearly erect . . 4. A. verticillata. 
1. Agrostis Royleana, Trin. ; FI. Br. Ind. vii. 264, under Cal- 
amagrostis pilosula, Hook. f. var. scabra. Annual ; stems 1-3 ft., 
erect. Leaves smooth, 6-12 in. long, up to J in. broad. Panicle 
spreading at least in flower, 4-12 in. ; branches roughly pubescent, 
1^-3| in., naked for about half their length. Spikelets shining, 
pale yellow or green or tinged with purple, narrowly lanceolate, 
pointed, sometimes \ in., occasionally 2-flowered. Lower empty 
glumes slightly the longer, keel rough. Flowering glume hairy, 
about three fourths the length of the empty glume, base with a 
tuft of minute hairs, a slender, protruding awn below the middle of 
its back ; pale much shorter than the glume. (Fig. 194.) 
Simla, Mahasu, common. — W. Himalaya, 7000-10,000 ft. 
2. Agrostis Munroana, Aitch. & Hemsl. ; FI. Br. Ind. vii. 263, 
under Calamagrostis Munroana, Boiss. Annual ; stems tufted, 
6-18 in., erect. Leaves smooth, 2-8 in., by ^ in. Panicle spreading 
