THE Ml'SEl'M 
OF 
BROOKLYN INSTITUTE OF ARTS AM 
SCIENCE BULLETIN 
THE PENGUINS OF SOUTH GEORGIA 
By Robert Cr.^miAx .Mukphv 
RELATED LITERATTRE 
Abbott, C. C. /his. London, i860, pp. 336-338. 
Ander.s.son, K. .\. ll'isscii. Ero;. Si/ra't'd. SiidpoIar-IiAp.. {/g:)/-oj). .Stockholm, Bd. 
V, Lief. 2, 1905, pp. 19-38. 
Brown, R. N\ R. Sii. A'es. Scot. .\'a(. .Ant. Exp., Edinburgh, voL IV, 1913, pp. 
249-253- 
Clarke. \V. E. Sd. Res. Scot. Xat. Ant. E.vp.. Edinburgh, vol. W. 1913, pp. 
223-233- 
Gain, L. I. a Xature. Pari.s, \\\\\. 40, Sem. 2. 1912, pp. 86-90. 
Kidder. J. H. lUc'l. I'. S. .\'at. .Mii». Washington, No. 2, 1S75. pp. 39-44 
Klutschak, H. W. />c!/tsc/i. A'tiintsr/nu/ Ccoor. mid Statii^tii-. Wien, Bd. IIL 18S1. 
pp. 522-531. 
Levick. G. M. Antarctic Penguins, N. V. 1914, 140 pp. 
Lonnberg, E. A'nngt. Si'ens^. I'elcnskiipsiiknd. Hand!. Stockholm, Bd. 40, No 5, 
1906, pp. 85-90. 
JLiwson, 1). Cineographs of Pygoscelis adcliir and other penguins. Taken during 
the Australasian Ant. Exp. 1911-14. 
Jloseley, H. X. .Votes by a Naturalist on H. .1/. .V. " Challoiger" , London, 1872, pp. 
151-154, 165, 171. 
Pagen.stecher. Jahrh. zeissensch. .-instalt. zu Hamburg. Bd. IL 1SS5. pp. 14-17. 
Seth-Smith. D. I'roc. Zool. Soc, London, 1912, Ft. i, pp. 60-62. 
Sharpe, R. B. f'hitos. Trans., London, vol. 16S. 1879, pp. 152-162. 
Steinen, K. v. den. Die Deutsch. Exped. nnd Hire Ergebn., Berlin, Bd. H, 1890, 
pp. 221-240. 
Weddell. J. .1 Voyage towards the South I'ole, London, 1S25, pp. 55-57. 
Five, pos.sibly .six, .si)ecies of ])enp;uiiis have been recorded fr n\\ 
South Georgia, and at least four of these were at one time establi.shed 
residents. The macaroni penguin ( liudyptcs chrysoloplius) and the ringed 
penguin ( Pygoscelis antarctica ) are now rare. Representati\'e.s of the 
former genus belong typically to a more northerly area* while Prgosielis 
antarctica is a polar species. It is not unnatural, considering the diminu- 
tion in the numbers of penguins which has certainly occurred at South 
Georgia, that the trul\- .S'«(''a;//r?rt/'/ct\-iies should have outlived competitors 
wdiose ranges had stretched, on the one hand, southward from a more 
* Eudyptes chiywlopltm \\s.-i. however, been recorded from the South Orkney--, where it may 
possibly even breed. Cf. Clarke, /. c, pp. 231-233. 
