V 1)C1 
;\v(.ei 
1 the 1 
Ik- s: 
mall 
Ik, at. 
and 
six 
tiiues in r; 
iiml 
iiiioi 
IS Stl 
-ai>j,lit 
i>nt 
ixiiii 
lUll 
k-n-tl 
1 (if 
l!a} 
, nf 
Isk-s 
and 
.111111 
iii.L;. 
The 
sea 
UllSL 
■I li- 
ht. ■ 
The 
I2h ]!ROOKI,VN INSTITfTi; Mf.SKt":M. SCIKXCE BIT 
for juiiiiiini; fish. Often while I w as i-(i\viii;j, in iii\- dur; 
and the shore, shoals of juhnnies would swim aniuml t 
after long subiner^^ence would skiji out of water li\e or 
succe.ssion. During the " i)orpoising " the\- hold the \y 
from the body, not pressed against the sides. The in;: 
the lea]i hardly exceeds two meters. 
One evening I stood knee-deei) in the water of the 
watched at close quarters four johnny penguins s\\ i 
was fairl}' calm, the water clear and brilliant in the s 
quartet of penguins darted hither and thither all ahdiit iiie, now and 
again almost brushing my legs. Frequentlx' the\- inlk-d their Ijacks 
above the surface, and more rareh' the>- leajied out. I distinctly 
observed that the strokes of their flippers were sometimes made alter- 
nately and sometimes in unison. l'robabl>- they were feeding, although 
I could not .see their prey. Whether for s])ort or a more serious ptirpose, 
they occasionally swam in the ridge of an advancing .swell, going .so far 
U]) the l>each that they were left stranded for a moment. Presently three 
uf them walked out of the sea, .shook the water from their tails, and be- 
came so iiiinieiisel\- interested in watching me, that they ]iursued me for 
a while when I left the sixit. 
On another occasion, January lo, 1913, I witncs.sed an extraordinary 
diversion of the i)enguins in the grave>ard ])ool mentioned on i)age 117. 
This pond, lying in a hollow of the hills, was bordered on three sides 
with a perpendicular bank of hard snow, the remaining shore being a 
stony sloi)e. ( )n the afternoon of my visit penguins were swimming in it, 
for ])ure eiijcjyiiient, of course, for there was no food, no living thing, 
not even a visible alga, in the transparent snow water. How alert and 
reptilian the penguins .seemed in their own element ! How unlike the 
inelegant, ridiculous creatures they are ashore ! The\ dashed straight- 
awa\- under water the length of the ]iond and back again, with a velocity 
Avhich I had then an opportunity to compute as about ten meters a 
.second. The> cha.sed each other other round and round, flashing into 
the air twice or thrice during their bursts of speed, every action plainly 
revealed through the clear, (piiet water, with the white corp.ses down 
below. When the swimmers rested at the surface onl\- the white-filleted 
head and iqvpointed, ridged tail showed, as a rule, but somtimes they 
would float higher, like grebes. Se\'eral of them tried to leap out onto the 
bank of frozen snow which rose about a meter above the water. 
Strangely enough. tlie> misjudged their di.stance rejieatedly ; the>- 
jum]ied too soon, and were on the downward segment of their arc before 
