MURPHY: PKNCflXS OF SorTII GKOKCIA. 1 3.^ 
6. "The nestliiii^ in down is blackisli or xellowish-l^rown 
with white lower parts." /'yoosa/is pap/ta and /'. antardica have 
gra\" Juvenal flown. The latter species is pure white when 
hatched. The .\ount;' of Pvfiosa'/is ade/io". of Jptciun/vf, s 
patachonica , and others, do not have white lower jiarts. 
Penguins considered specificallx ; 
Page 57. 7. The account of the king penguin is misleading in several 
l^articulars. Purely incidental notes made by Profcsssor Moseley 
regarding this species at Prince Edward Island, are here used as 
generalities. Among them are the broad statements that the 
• • breeding grounds are flat places of hard soil covered with slime : ' ' 
that the birds run at a great i^ace " maintaining an ujiright 
position ;" and that " the\- jiass to and from the water singl\-, and 
not in flocks, as do other species." As long ago as i.'^34, it was 
recorded that king penguins at Macquarie Island marched to and 
from the water in flocks of thirty or forty thousand. 
Page 58. s. — "there seems to be little doubt that the incubating 
lH)sition is at least half upright iu the case of ]ienguins generallw " 
Cf. photograjihs of an\- sjiecies of Pvi^osciiis. 
Page 59. 9. The rock-hopper ])engnins " have a most curious habit of 
stretching out the legs below the tail, laying their ivings flat to their 
sides, arching their necks forward, and then making a sudden 
spring clear out of the weaves," Trul\' a curious habit, for b\' 
laying their wings to their sides the\- must take away their onl\ 
means of making the spring. 
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