sSTlTUTE MUSEUM. SCIENCE UULLETIX 2. 6. 
c'. Middle of breast and abdomen bright yellow, and shoulder patches 
greenish blue {Trinidad and Eastern Coast district of Venezuela) .... Tangara mexicana vieilloti. 
'. General color of under parts not yellow or if middle of belly is yellow 
it is in combination with decidedly green breast and sides. 
b. General color of under parts olive green (with or without purplish 
gloss), blue, grey, paie grey or white, and without a dark breast band. 
c Throat black, blackish, purple or yellow (in adults). 
d. Throat yellow (males). 
€. Above dull sooty black; lower back bright yellow Hemithraupisjlavicollisaiiri- 
gularis '. 
e'. Above cinereous; head and neck orange red ThlypoPsis sordida sordida. 
d'. Throat black, blackish or purple. 
e. Crissum black Tangara paradisea. 
e'. Crissum. not black. 
/. Tail long and graduated, feathers tipped with white Cissopis leveriana. 
/'. Tail feathers not white tipped Schistochlamys alerrima. 
c'. Throat not black, blackish nor yellow 
d. Middle of belly chestnut Tanagrdla iridina. 
d'. Middle of belly not chestnut. 
e. Above olive green. 
/. Crown bright blue Sporathraupis cyanocephala 
Ipahnarum mel- 
e'. Not olive green above. 
/. Under parts pale greyish or whitish and wing not over 80 mm. 
(male, cap black; female, nearly uniform cinereus grey above). Xewosia pileata. 
f. Wing more than 80 mm. 
g. Under tail coverts (crissum) white or paie bluish white Thraupis glaucocolpa. 
g'. Under tail coverts not white nor pale bluish-white. 
h. Lesser wing coverts violaceous or violet (and the under 
parts in adult plumage glossed with greater or lesser in- 
tensity with vinlet) Thraupis episcopus nesophi- 
h'. Lesser wing coverts blue and under parts with a greenish 
rather than a violet or bluish gloss Thraupis cana catta. 
b'. General color of under parts not olive-green, blue, grey, pale grey nor 
white or else with a distinct dark breast band. 
c. Above and below bright vermilion Piranga rubra rubra- 
c'. Not bright vermilion. 
d. Adistinct blackish band across breast . Tangara nigrotintla. 
d'. No dark breast band. 
e. General color of under parts green. 
f. Head chestnut brown and middle of belly blue or green. 
g. Bend of wing golden yellow Tangara gyrola. 
g'. Bend of wing uniform with remaining upper surface Tangara desmaresti. 
/.' Head green, feathers black at base; middle of belly yellow . . , , Tangara xanthogastra. 
e'. General color of under parts not green. 
f. Outeredgesof wing-quills greenish blue or bluish green Tangara cayana. 
/'. Outer edges of wing-quills not greenish nor bluish. 
g. Mandible enlarged and swollen at base; breast dark maroon 
h. Back and belly black (males) ; females, above dusky seal 
brown Ramphoielus airosenceus 
capttalis. 
k'. Upper parts velvety blackish maroon glossed with crim- 
son (males) ; females, above dark mummy brown. 
i. Larger; wing 80 mm. or more Ratnphocelus turbo magni- 
('. SmaUer;wing less than 80 mm Ramphocelus (arbo carbo. 
i''. Mandible not noticeably enlarged and swollen at base. 
h. With a well marked median vertical crest (males). 
I. Median crest bright scarlet Phoenicothraupts rtibica 
i'. Median crest not scarlet. 
j. With an ochraceous or buffy throat spot. 
k. Crest small, bright orange red bordered with 
creamy buff Tachyphonus insiatus crist- 
k'. Crest larger, orange yellow narrowly bordered 
with creamy buff Tachyphonus cristalus inter- 
f. No gular spot; throat uniform with breast (male) . . . Tachyphonus suri7iamus 
h'. Without elongated median vertical crest. 
'See American Museum Bull. 
