184 BROOKLYN INSTITfTE MUSBUM. SCIENCE BUELETIN 2. 6. 
On my first Orinoco expedition, this species was oliserved at and 
above the falls of Atures only, from which point onward it was not 
uncommon, but in April, 1907. examples were collected at Agua 
Salada de Ciudad Bolivar. 
An immature male in transitional plumage, just assuming the 
nuptial dress, is dark olive green above with patches of grey here and 
there where the nuptial dress is developing. There arc many black 
feathers in forehead and fore part of crown, and a few grey ones on 
top of head. Wing-coverts olive green brighter than the back; wing- 
and tail-quills blackish brown edged with yellowish olive. Sides 
of face and throat black mottled with olive yellov/ ; breast, sides and 
flanks grey slightly mottled with olive yellow; centre of abdomen 
and under tail coverts pale olive yellow. 
Fresh birds have the eye chestnut brown ; bill plumbeous grey 
basally and forward to slightly beyond the nostrils, distally black; feet 
slate grey. 
FRINGILLIDAE— THE GROSBEAKS, FINCHES, BUNTINGS 
AND SPARROWS. 
Berlepsch and Hartert's paper included twenty-two species and 
subspecies pertaining to this family. Of that nund)er the writer 
had at that time collected nineteen. The present paper includes twenty- 
six species and subspecies. 
With the exception of the Dickcissel, Spica amcricana, all are resi- 
dent forms although there seems to be more or less local migration 
controlled by the local food supply. Several of the species congre- 
gate in flocks at the close of the breeding season. Some of the flocks are 
composed of a single species, while others will be made up of several 
species. This is particularly to be noted among members of the genus 
Sporophila. 
Quite a number of species are habitually trapped and kept as cage 
birds, and nearly all seem to ihri\e in confinement. 
Key to the Gener.a, Species .\nd Subspecies of FRiNGn,LiD.\E. 
both. 
Length 150 mm. or more, wing more than 85mm Saltalor (in part) 
Length less than 150 mm. and wing not more than 85 mm. 
'.. Back not distinctly striated and no olive yellow edges to wing and 
tail quills (faint dusky brownish shaft streaks in the olive-brown 
feathers of the back of immature or female Sicalis Columbiana are 
in combination with olive-yellow edges to wing and tail feathers). 
