BONASA STLYESTEIS. Stbph. 
HAZEL GEOHSE. 
TETRAO BONASIA. Linn., Syst. Nat., vol. i., p. 275 (9tli edit ?).— Gmel., Syst. Nat., vol. i., p. 753.— Lath., Ind. Ornith., vol. ii., p. 640.— 
Bree, Birds of Eur., vol. iii., p. 203. 
TETEAO CANUS. Mils. Fauna Skania. 
LA GELINOTTE. Buff., Plan. Enlum., pi. 474, 475. 
LA GELINOTTE. Poule des Coudriers, Guv., Eeg. Anim., vol. i., p. 448. 
TETEAS GELINOTTE. Linn., Pig. et Gall., vol. iii., p. 174. 
TETEAO BETULINUS. Scop. Ann., i.. No. 172. — Gmel., Syst. Nat., vol. i., p. 749. — ^Lath., Ind. Ornith., vol. ii., p. 637. 
BIECH GEOUSE. Lath., Syn., iv., p. 735, 5. 
HAZEL HEN. Will., Birds (Ang.), p. 175. 
BONASIA EUE0PA:A. Gould, B. of Eur., pi. 251. 
BONASIA SYLVESTEIS. Bon., Eev. Ornith. Eur., p. 174. 
BONASA SYLVESTEIS. Gray, Gen. of Birds, vol. iii. — Ib., Cat. Birds, Brit. Mus., Part. III., p. 46 (1844). — Bon., Geog. and Comp. List 
Birds, p. 43, No. 292. — Stejsh. Shaw, Gen. Zool., xi. (1819). — Elliot, Proc. Acad. Nat. Scien. (1864). 
Tub Hazel Grouse is the only representative of this genus found in the Old World. It is pretty generally distributed throughout 
Europe and Asia, its range extending from France on the West, through Sweden, Norway, and Germany, as far as the Eiver Lena in 
Siberia, and, according to Dr. Schreuck in his recent “Eeisen und Forschungen in Amur Land,” it is common at aU seasons of the year 
from the southern coast of the Okhotsk Sea to the Bay of Hadschi, and also in the island of Saghalien, as well as from the mouth of the 
Amoor to its source in Duaria. In Great Britain it is not found. It frequents the birch and pine forests, and, like its American rela- 
tives, is partial to the sides of hiUs and mountains. 
The species is monogamous, and does not, I believe, possess the peculiarity of drumming, hke our birds of this genus ; and in these 
two particulars lie the principal differences in their habits. They rise from the ground with the same loud whirring noise, but their 
flight is not generally continued to any great distance. 
The breeding season commences in April, and the sexes separate as soon as incubation commences ; the males keeping by themselves 
leaving the brood to the care of the female, but returning when the young are about half grown. The usual number of eggs is ten, of a 
yellowish color spotted with brown. Their flesh, like aU of this genus, is white and tender, and is generally considered among the most 
dehcate of the Grouse family. 
The Hazel Grouse is rather a small bird, approaching nearest in size to our B. Umbelloides, and is. destitute of the ruff so conspicuous 
in aU the other species. In Breeds “ Birds of Europe,” in the article upon this species, is a translation from Dr. Schrenck’s work above 
mentioned, a portion of which I take the liberty of inserting here : 
a « 45- Scarcely any locality can be named where it is not found, yet it appears principally in the north of the Amoor, on the 
borders of rivers in the mixed forests of birch, aspen, poplar, alder, and willow bushes, and in the south principally in the light-foliaged 
woods and the underwood which grows along the rocky banks of the rivers. Not unfrequently, also, I have met with it, in winter and 
summer, on the willow-grown islands, or on such shores as those of the Amoor, Gorin, and Ussuri. In as great numbers did I find the 
Hazel Grouse in the wildest parts of the Amoor Land, where it was by no means shy. In the Nikolajev Posten, and on the Eiver Tyrny, 
in Saghahen, I have been able to shoot several times at a pair of individuals in a tree before the others flew away. In Saghalien, and on 
the Gorin, they flew up before us, and kept in a chcuit round about us. In summer, when the noise of our movements roused them, 
they often settled doAvn on a tree close by the river, enabling us to shoot them from our hiding places. They were among the daily 
contents of our game bag in the Amoor Land, where, as well as in the Bay of Hadschi and the snow flelds of Saghahen, they gave us as 
good sport as in the light and sunny oak hedges on the Ussuri. In the summer of 1855 I found a nest with eggs on the borders of the 
Lake of Kidsi. It was in a fir wood, at the foot of a tree, concealed in the moss and brushwood. The eggs were of the usiial dark 
yellow, with many brown spots and points, and were hatched on the 14tli of June. On the 28th of July I met with a family just 
fledged at Pachale, near the mouth of the Gorin, in the leafy underwood of a pine forest. The moulting of the Hazel Grouse takes 
place at Nikolajev Posten in August and September. On the 23d of August I found the moulting far advanced, and every wing and tail 
feather freshly grown. It was quite concluded on the 1st of October.” 
