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PACIFIC SCIENCE, VoL VIII, January, 1954 
fleshy papillae as well as scales. Free preoper- 
cular border somewhat angled but without 
spines. Opercle with a single weak spine above, 
which does not protrude through the flesh, 
and no indication of a spine at its lower angle. 
Teeth uniformly small, granular; the vomer- 
ine band of teeth in a widely flaring V of equal 
width throughout. There is a broad, median 
patch of teeth between the bases of the second 
gill arches which extends almost from the 
bases of the first to the bases of the third. 
Posterolaterally to this there is a patch of 
teeth on each side lying on the front surface 
of the bases of the third gill arches. 
Dorsal origin less than a head length be- 
hind occiput, the dorsal rays increasing in 
length to about two thirds of the distance to 
the tail, then decreasing to the caudal base. 
Anal rays shorter than dorsal rays and more 
nearly equal in length throughout the fin. 
Pelvics originating close to one another and 
to the symphysis of cleithra, somewhat scaled 
at base. 
The holotype and only specimen has the 
ovaries somewhat distended and filled with 
very numerous small eggs. No pyloric ap- 
pendages. 
More or less uniformly brownish on body 
shading into bluish black on fins, head, and 
belly. 
The trivial name lineatus (L. — lined) is 
given in reference to the linear fleshy ridges 
on the front of the snout and on the lower 
jaw. 
Genus Pycnocraspedum Alcock 
Tables 1, 2; Figs. 2e, 
Type species: P. squamipinne Alcock (1889: 
386), by monotypy. 
Body tapering to a truncate point. Caudal 
distinguishable from dorsal and anal by closer 
grouping of last 10 rays, these not much 
exserted and articulating with a medially in- 
cised hypural plate. Lateral line single, 
straight, continuing almost to posterior end 
of body, lying in a fleshy tube which extends 
over surface of, or between, scales for its 
entire length. 
Top of head completely scaled to snout 
rim. Maxillaries, rami of lower jaw, isthmus, 
and branchiostegal membranes scaled; only 
the lips scaleless. Rim of snout forming a 
smooth, continuous rim unbroken by pores 
or flaps; a few relatively small pores opening 
out above rim. Pores on mandible and cheeks 
inconspicuous; mucous sinuses not apparent. 
A few fleshy papillae on head, apparently over 
sensory canals. Opercle with a single sharp 
point above, the exserted point completely 
surrounded by scales; apparently, opercle does 
not form a point below. Small, scaly lobe 
above opercle. 
Posterior nostril opening out into a low, 
flat collar just ahead of eye; no scale rows 
between it and eye. Anterior nostril in a tube 
about halfway between posterior nostril and 
snout rim. 
Uniformly small, granular teeth on pre- 
maxillaries, mandibles, vomer, and palatines. 
Vomerine teeth in a continuous, broadly 
V-shaped patch under which lie the small, 
pointed tongue, medianly, and the wings of 
the hyoid arch, laterally. Three or four devel- 
oped gill rakers below and another at angle 
of first arch. Pseudobranch rudimentary. 
Dorsal originating over gill cover. Dorsal 
and anal rays longest just ahead of tail and 
covered for the greater part of their length 
with scales. Pectorals fairly long, scaled bas- 
ally. Pelvic fins each of two filaments which 
are united basally, separate distally, outer fila- 
ment about two thirds as long as inner. Pelvic 
origin below preopercle, considerably behind 
symphysis of cleithra. 
Pycnocraspedum armatum n. sp. 
Tables 1, 2; Figs. 2e, 3^ 
holotype: U. S. N. M. 162717, a female 
302 mm. in standard length, collected off the 
Mauna Loa lava flow, Hawaii, by Hayes and 
Burke, June 3 and 4, 1950. 
The general appearance of this fish is quite 
Brotula-\ikQ (except for the absence of barbels) 
with compressed, scaled head and the vertical 
fins with high, scaled, but poorly delimited. 
