16 
flows on Alamagan, the next island to the 
south of Pagan. The violent explosive erup- 
tions that formed the calderas and deposited 
the thick tuffs may have completely destroyed 
the stands of this type of forest. 
The presence of four species in the fossil 
collections that are not known to be living 
on the island today may possibly have little 
significance, for the living flora has not been 
really well collected and those species may 
actually be present now. However, on an 
island with frequent and at times violent vol- 
canic activity the continued existence of any 
but the most tenacious species of plants is 
hazardous, and it is more than likely that some 
that were once growing on Pagan may have 
been eliminated. 
REFERENCES 
Corwin, Gilbert, L. D. Bonham, M. J. 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XII, January, 1958 
Terman, and G. W. Viele. Military Geol- 
ogy , Pagan Island , Mariana Islands. Ined. 
Fosberg, F. R. 1958. Vascular flora of Pagan 
Island, Northern Marianas. Pacific Sci. 12(1): 
pp. 17-20. 
Marche, A. 1891. Rapport general sur une 
mission aux lies Mariannes. Nouvelles Arch . 
Miss. Sci. Lit . 1: 241-280. Paris. 
Sato, Z. 1941. Geology of Babel thuap Island 
(Palau main island) and the annexed islets. 
Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 38(72): 92-104. 
(Translation by R. Endo, 1949, filed in U. 
S. Geol. Survey Library.) 
Spoehr, A. 1955^. The human background 
of Pacific science. Sci. Monthly 81: 3-9. 
- 195 5 A Personal communication. 
Tanakadate, H. 1940. Volcanoes in the 
Mariana Islands in the Japanese mandated 
South Seas. Bulletin Volcanologique 11(6): 
199-223. 
