156 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XII, April, 1958 
Fig. 5. Longitudinal section of the mantle contain- 
ing luminous tissue of Planaxis labiosus. /, Luminous 
tissue; m, mantle; p, pleats; e, epithelium. 
The character of these cells indicates that the 
luminescence must be intracellular. 
BIOCHEMISTRY 
Further experiments to relate luminescence 
to biochemistry were carried out as follows. 
A number of the snails were removed from 
their shells and thoroughly dried. They were 
then ground in a mortar and moistened with 
water, but luminescence did not appear. A 
negative luciferin-luciferase reaction was ob- 
tained by mixing hot water and cold water 
extracts of the crushed bodies. If the cold 
water extract of crushed luminous snails is 
allowed to stand until the luminescence of the 
extract disappears, it will not recover its 
luminescence even when ATP (Adenosinetri- 
phosphate) is added. 
REFERENCES 
Suter, H. 1890. Miscellaneous communica- 
tions on New Zealand land and fresh water 
molluscs. New Zeal. Inst . Trans. 23: 93-9 6. 
Haneda, Y. 1946. A luminous land snail, 
Dyakia striata , found in Malaya. Seibutsu 
[Living Things] 1(5/6): 294-298. 
Haneda, Y. 1955. Luminous Organisms of 
Japan and the Far East. IN Luminescence of 
Biological Systems. Frank H. Johnson, ed. 
American Association for the Advancement 
of Science, Washington, D. C. Pp. 351-353. 
Harvey, E. N. 1952. Bioluminescence. Ameri- 
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Keferstein, 1862-66. Pterotracheata. IN 
Bronns Klassen und Ordnung des Tierreichs 
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Yasaki, Y., and Y. Sinoto. 1952. Studies on 
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