On Certain Thaliacea (Tunicata) from the Pacific Ocean, 
with Descriptions of Two New Species of Doliolids 1 
Takasi Tokioka 2 and Leo Berner 3 
The material upon which this paper is based 
has been taken from the extensive plankton 
collections available at the Scripps Institution 
of Oceanography. The samples examined 
were from three sources: the Shellback Expe- 
dition to the area off Central and South 
America in 1952, the Mid-Pacific Expedition 
to the Marshall Islands area in 1950, and from 
the routine Marine Life Research Program 
sampling off the west coast of the United 
States and Baja California, Mexico. The two 
expeditions were in part supported by grants 
from the Office of Naval Research. The Ma- 
rine Life Research Program is the Scripps 
Institution’s component of the California Co- 
operative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations, a 
project sponsored by the Marine Research 
Committee of California. The work has been 
further supported by a postdoctoral grant 
from the Rockefeller Foundation for the 
senior author. 
Two new doliolids found in the plankton 
samples collected on the Shellback Expedi- 
tion have already been described (Tokioka 
and Berner, 1957), and further examination 
of the samples has yielded two additional new 
doliolids from the same area. 
In addition to the descriptions of the two 
new species, both of which belong to the 
genus Doliolina , additional notes are given on 
1 Contribution from Scripps Institution of Ocean- 
ography, New Series. Manuscript received April 24, 
1957. 
2 Present address: Seto Marine Biological Labora- 
tory, Japan. 
3 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of 
California, La Jolla, California. 
Doliolina undulata Tokioka and Berner 1957, 
Doliopsoides horizoni Tokioka and Berner 1957, 
Doliolina intermedium (Neumann) (1906), Cy- 
closalpa strongylenteron Berner 1955, and Cyclo- 
salpa baker i Ritter 1905. 
Doliolina obscura new species 
Fig. lA-E 
Many specimens of this species were found 
at Shellback stations 137, 142, 145, 155, 160, 
and 180. The species also occurs quite often 
in the samples collected by the Marine Life 
Research Program, although it is never 
numerous. 
The gonozooids may be somewhat stumpy 
in outline; they are usuallv less than 5 mm. 
long and may range up to 4 mm. in body di- 
ameter. The test is of moderate thickness, is 
rather soft, and may be easily stripped from 
the body. When found with the test in place 
the specimens tend to be covered with detrital 
material from the sample. 
Muscles I, VII, and VIII are narrower than 
muscles II- VI. Muscle VII is distinctly inter- 
rupted at the mid-ventral line. The sixth and 
seventh intermuscular zones, especially the 
latter, are narrower than the others. 
The endostyle ( ed .) is long, extending an- 
teriorly at least to three-fourths of the second 
intermuscular zone and posteriorly to the an- 
terior margin of muscle V. The anterior mar- 
gin of the peripharyngeal band ( p.b .) extends 
nearly to muscle I. The ciliated groove (c.g.) 
is situated in the middle of the second inter- 
muscular zone. The dorsal ganglion ( d.g .) is 
317 
