338 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XII, October, 1958 
Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii, on June 15, 1954; 
U. S. Natl. Mus. No. 164467, 83.5 mm. in 
standard length, collected with rotenone by 
W. Gosline and class at Diamond Head, 
Oahu, on Dec. 22, 1951; U. S. Natl. Mus. No. 
164468, 18.8 mm. in standard length, col- 
lected with rotenone by W. Gosline and class 
at Diamond Head, Oahu, on Dec. 23, 1953; 
Stanford Univ. Mus. No. SU48445, 2 speci- 
mens, 64.5 and 69.0 mm. in standard length, 
collected by J. Randall with a spear in 18 feet 
of water at Waianae, Oahu, on Oct. 14, 1955; 
British Mus. No. 1955.12.12.1, 60.0 mm. in 
standard length, collected by J. Randall with 
a spear in 35 feet of water at Manana Island 
(Rabbit Island), Oahu, on Sept. 29, 1955. 
In addition to the above, there is a series of 
12 specimens, 19 to 76 mm. in standard 
length, in the collection of the University 
of Hawaii. 
description: Based on the holotype and 
the smallest (18.8 mm. in standard length, 
23.2 mm. in total length) and the largest 
(83.5 mm. in standard length, 103 mm. in 
total length) paratypes. Counts and measure- 
ments are recorded for the holotype, followed 
in parentheses by data for the small and large 
paratypes, respectively. When counts of the 
two paratypes are the same as the holotype, 
only a single number is given. 
Dorsal fin rays IX, 11; anal fin rays III, 10; 
pectoral fin rays 13 (the uppermost rudimen- 
tary, the next unbranched); pelvic fin rays 
I, 5; principal caudal rays 14. Lateral line 
scales 28, the last slightly enlarged and with 
a prominent lateral line tube; lateral line 
partially interrupted in adults (the lateral line 
in the 20th and 21st scales, the two which 
contain that part of the line which angles 
sharply downward at the level of the posterior 
part of the dorsal fin, is poorly developed; no 
degeneration in the lateral line at this location 
is apparent in the 18.8 mm. juvenile speci- 
men, however). Scale rows above lateral line 
to base of first soft dorsal rays 3; scale rows 
below lateral line to base of first anal soft 
rays 8; median predorsal scales 8 (9 or 10 in 
large paratype and none in the juvenile speci- 
men). Snout, chin, throat, and dorsal part of 
head naked. Gill rakers (including rudiments) 
on first gill arch 14 (large paratype only). 
Head length 2.77 (2.22-2.80); depth of 
body 3.64 (3.69-3.50); snout to anus 1.59 
(1.60-1.61); snout to origin of pelvic fins 2.72 
(2.77-2.74); snout to origin of dorsal fin 2.86 
(2.51-2.95); length of dorsal fin base 2.06 
(2.09-1.95); length of anal fin base 3.54 
(3.76-3 .76) — all in standard length. 
Width of body at gill opening 2.34 (3.12- 
2.64); least depth of caudal peduncle 1.92 
(2.62-2.04); snout length 3.46 (3.73-3.21); 
diameter of eye 5.16 (4.20-5.97); width of 
interorbital 3.64 (4.65-3.59); length of pec- 
toral fin 1.61 (i. 87-1. 65); length of pelvic fin 
2.31 (2.80-2.29); width of mouth (rictus to 
rictus) 5.39 (5.25-5.98); mid-center of upper 
lip to rictus 6.13 (5.80-6.15) — all in head 
length. 
Dorsal spines progressively longer, the 
ninth 3.50 (3.90-3.59) in head length; first 
dorsal soft ray 2.45 (2.89-2.54) in head 
length; second anal spine twice as long as 
first; third anal spine twice as long as second; 
third anal spine 3.36 (3.72-3.32) in head 
length; first anal soft ray 2.29 (2.80-2.56) in 
head length. Caudal fin slightly rounded. 
A pair of large curved canine teeth in upper 
jaw, each nearly a pupil diameter in length 
and separated by a distance about equal to the 
diameter of one of the teeth at the base. A 
similar pair of canine teeth in lower jaw, 
lateral to but nearly touching upper teeth 
when mouth is dosed. Remaining teeth small, 
except one at angle of jaw, those at the 
symphysis of upper jaw in numerous close- 
set rows, forming a semicircular mass between 
the two canine teeth. 
Color in alcohol: posterior half of body 
and caudal fin black except upper and lower 
edges of caudal fin and dorsal edge of caudal 
peduncle which are white (magenta in life); 
anterior half of body light tan (yellow in life) 
with a median dorsal black band (beginning 
in a small spot on median upper portion of 
