Historic Littoral Cones — Moore and Ault 
11 
TABLE 2 
Historic Lava Flows on the Island of Hawaii that Reached the Sea 
NUMBER 
YEAR 
VOLCANO 
VOLUME IN 
Total 
MILLION CUBIC YARDS 
Submarine 
1 
1750? 
Kilauea 
19.5 
? 
2 
1800-01 
Hualalai 
? 
? 
3 
1823 
Kilauea 
15 
3 
4 
1840 
Kilauea 
281 
200* 
5 
1859 
Mauna Loa 
600 
300 
6 
1868 
Mauna Loa 
190 
100* 
J 
1887 
Mauna Loa 
300 
200 
8 
1919 
Mauna Loa 
350 
200* 
9 
1926 
Mauna Loa 
150 
1.5 
10 
1950 
Mauna Loa 
600 
100 
11 
1955 
Kilauea 
141 
< 10 
12 
1960 
Kilauea 
156 
10-30 
* Produced littoral cone. 
Macdonald, G. A. 1954. Activity of Hawaiian 
volcanoes during the years 1940-1950. Bull. 
Volcanologique (ser. 2) 15:120-179. 
1955. Catalogue of the active volcanoes 
of the world including solfatara fields, Part 3. 
Hawaiian Islands. International Volcanologi- 
cal Association, Napoli, Italy. 37 pp. 
Stearns, H. T., and W. O. Clark. 1930. Geol- 
ogy and water resources of the Kau District, 
Hawaii. U.S. Geol. Survey, Water-Supply 
Paper 6 16. 194 pp. 
and G. A. Macdonald. 1946. Geology 
and ground-water resources of the Island of 
Hawaii. Hawaii Div. Hydrography, Bull. 9. 
363 pp. 
Tilley, C. E., and J. H. Scoon. 1961. Differen- 
tiation of Hawaiian basalts: Trends of Mauna 
Loa and Kilauea historic magma. Am. J. Sci. 
259:60-68. 
Washington, H. S. 1923. Petrology of the 
Hawaiian Islands, IV. The formation of aa 
and pahoehoe. Am. J. Sci. (5th ser.) 6:409- 
423. 
Wentworth, C. K., and G. A. Macdonald. 
1953. Structures and forms of basaltic rocks 
in Hawaii. U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 994. 98 pp. 
