144 
Dysidea granulosa n. sp. 
Fig. 9 
occurrence: Sta. 61, 125, 220A (holotype). 
DESCRIPTION: Dysidea granulosa is repre- 
sented in this collection by three specimens, all 
of which are thin cylindrical erect sponges 
growing from a narrow base. One specimen is 
incipiently branched. The holotype and only 
complete specimen (Sta. 220A; Fig. 9, left) is 
12.5 cm high, 4.0-6.0 mm in diameter. 
COLOR: White, in alcohol. 
TEXTURE: Varies from stiff and brittle in 
the specimen most heavily packed with detritus 
to firm but flexible in the holotype. 
SURFACE: Covered with fine conules, and the 
general appearance is granular. Oscules are 
scattered at irregular intervals over the surface 
and are 2.0-3. 5 mm in diameter. 
SKELETON: There is no distinction between 
primary and secondary fibres in the skeleton; 
the whole is a compact reticulation with irreg- 
FIG. 9- Dysidea granulosa n. sp. Left, Sta. 125; up- 
per right, Sta. 61; lower right, Sta. 220A. Holotype. 
PACIFIC SCIENCE, Vol. XIX, April 1965 
ular meshes. The fibres are uneven, from 50- 
l62g in diameter and cored with sandy detritus. 
Very little clear spongin remains in the fibres 
except occasionally where the fibre narrows 
abruptly and no detritus occurs. The dermal 
membrane is densely charged with detritus, 
and this extends inward as a sand cortex up 
to 80/x deep in some places. 
ENDOSOME: Flagellate chambers are oval, 
eurypylous, 54-75 X 40-54/a; the tissue sur- 
rounding the chambers In one specimen is 
packed with filamentous blue-green algae. 
DISCUSSION: This sponge can be different!- ! 
ated from other species of Dysidea by its con- | 
sistently simple fingerlike habit in conjunction . 
with fine evenly distributed surface conules. In 
other features, such as the absence of any dis- J 
tinction between primary and secondary fibres j 
and the presence of a sandy cortex, D, granulosa ; 
can be compared with D, herbacea and D. are - 
naria. However, these three species are sharply | 
distinct in habit. 
The difficulty of fixing on morphological j 
characters to separate species of Dysidea has j 
been mentioned above. In all cases dealt with 
here growth form and habit seem to be the i 
most reliable characters. De Laubenfels’ (1954) ! 
specimens assigned to Dysidea herbacea prop- 1 
erly belong in D. granulosa . 
Dysidea arenaria n. sp. 
Fig. 10 a, b 
OCCURRENCE: Sta. 125 (Holotype, usnm i 
23698). 
DESCRIPTION: A single specimen of this 
sponge is in the Palau collection and this is 
designated as holotype. The sponge is irregu- 
larly ramose, 9.0 cm high, 10 cm wide, with 
frequent anastomoses between the branches. In- 
dividual branches are 3. 0-7.0 cm high, 0.9-3. 5 
cm thick, rising from a narrow base of attach- 
ment. 
COLOR: In alcohol, grayish-white (close to 
M.P., PL 36 A/1). 
TEXTURE: Stiff, just compressible, and brittle j 
owing to the large quantities of incorporated 
debris. 
SURFACE: Extremely irregular, coarsely con- 
ulose, and deeply pitted between conules. The 
